Nokea
Zero order kinetics is seen with
- A. Phenytoin
- B. Phenobarbital
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Digoxin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin exhibits zero-order kinetics at high doses (rate is constant, not proportional).
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Antiemitic used to prevent aspiration in emergency surgery
- A. Ondansetrone
- B. Promethazine
- C. Metoclopromide
- D. Ranitidine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Promethazine (antihistamine) prevents aspiration with sedative effects.
A nurse in an acute care facility is caring for a client who is receiving IV Nitroprusside for hypertensive crisis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions to this medication?
- A. Intestinal ileus
- B. Neutropenia
- C. Deurium
- D. Hyperthermia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nitroprusside can cause delirium (C, likely typo for delirium), a CNS side effect in toxicity.
A potentially life-threatening adverse response to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is angioedema. Which of the following statements is true about this adverse response?
- A. Swelling of the tongue or hoarseness are the most common symptoms.
- B. It appears to be related to the decrease in aldosterone production.
- C. Presence of a dry, hacky cough indicates a high risk for this adverse response.
- D. Because it takes time to build up a blood level, it occurs after being on the drug for about 1 week.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Angioedema presents with tongue swelling or hoarseness and is not linked to cough or aldosterone.
A child with severe asthma is being treated oral prednisone. Which of the following adverse effects is of particular concern?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hirsutism
- C. Growth suppression
- D. Cushing syndrome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Growth suppression is a significant concern in children on long-term prednisone due to its impact on bone growth and development.
A nurse is assisting with caring for a client with cancer who is receiving cisplatin. Select the adverse effects that the nurse monitors for that are associated with this medication. (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Tinnitus
- B. Ototoxicity
- C. Hyperkalemia
- D. Hypomagnesemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cisplatin is an alkylating medication. Alkylating medications are cell cycle phase-nonspecific medications that affect the synthesis of DNA by causing the cross-linking of DNA to inhibit cell reproduction. Cisplatin may cause ototoxicity, tinnitus, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and nephrotoxicity. Amifostine (Ethyol) may be administered before cisplatin to reduce the potential for renal toxicity. Correct answers include: 1 (Tinnitus), 2 (Ototoxicity), 5 (Nephrotoxicity), 6 (Hypomagnesemia).