Nokea
A client has a mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of $97 \mathrm{mmHg}$ and an intracranial pressure (ICP) of $12 \mathrm{mmHg}$. What is the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) for this client?
- A. 75
- B. 85
- C. 97
- D. 109
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CPP = MAP - ICP; 97 - 12 = 85 mmHg (B). Other options (A, C, D) miscalculate. B is correct. Rationale: CPP measures brain perfusion; 85 mmHg is within normal (60-100 mmHg), critical for assessing adequacy post-injury, per neurocritical care formulas.
You may also like to solve these questions
The thyroid hormone is responsible for
- A. Regulation of calcium
- B. Regulation of the body's metabolism
- C. Regulation of sodium
- D. Regulation of potassium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid hormone regulates metabolism e.g., energy use unlike calcium (parathyroid), sodium/potassium (adrenals). Nurses assess e.g., weight for function, per physiology.
Which of the following statement is NOT true about cultural competence?
- A. Respects client's beliefs
- B. Improves quality of care
- C. Requires the nurse to impose her beliefs
- D. Enhances communication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cultural competence respects beliefs (A), improves care (B), enhances communication (D) 'impose her beliefs' (C) isn't true, as it contradicts respecting client culture, per standards. C's imposition opposes competence's goal of sensitivity, making it the untrue statement.
The goal of nursing is to put the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him'. This was stated by
- A. Henderson
- B. Jean Watson
- C. Marta Rogers
- D. Florence Nightingale
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This quote reflects a historical view of nursing as facilitating natural healing, attributed to Florence Nightingale, the founder of modern nursing. In her 1859 work, *Notes on Nursing*, she emphasized optimizing the patient's environment cleanliness, air, and rest for recovery. Henderson defined nursing through 14 basic needs, Watson focused on caring theory, and Rogers developed a science of unitary beings none match this phrasing. Nightingale's philosophy shaped nursing's focus on holistic care, influencing practice for centuries by prioritizing patient conditions over direct intervention.
When a client's skin is dry, which of the following nursing interventions would be most helpful?
- A. Limit bathing to once or twice a week.
- B. Bathing is daily, but no soap is used.
- C. Bathing daily with mineral oil added to the water.
- D. Bathing with lotion instead of water.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Limiting bathing to once or twice weekly prevents further drying of already dry skin, preserving natural oils. Daily bathing, even without soap or with oil, risks exacerbation, and lotion isn't a bath substitute. Nurses apply this to maintain skin integrity.
He was called the father of sanitation.
- A. Abraham
- B. Hippocrates
- C. Moses
- D. Willam Halstead
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Moses, in ancient Hebrew texts, introduced sanitation laws e.g., waste disposal, quarantine earning the ‘father of sanitation' title. Abraham (patriarch), Hippocrates (medicine), and Halstead (surgery) differ. His rules, like Leviticus' hygiene codes, predate modern sanitation, influencing public health and nursing's infection control roots.