Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed Isosorbide Mononitrate for chronic stable Angina and develops reflex tachycardia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Furosemide
- B. Captopril
- C. Ranolazine
- D. Metoprolol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metoprolol , a beta-blocker, treats reflex tachycardia by slowing heart rate.
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Therapeutic index of a drug is an indicator of
- A. Potency
- B. Safety
- C. Toxicity
- D. Efficacy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Therapeutic index (TD50/ED50) measures the margin between therapeutic and toxic doses.
A contraindication for topical corticosteroid usage in a male with atopic dermatitis (eczema) is:
- A. Parasite infection
- B. Viral infection
- C. Bacterial infection
- D. Spirochete infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Topical corticosteroids worsen viral infections (e.g., herpes) due to immunosuppression.
James has hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression from chronic prednisone (a corticosteroid) use. He is at risk for what type of adverse drug reaction?
- A. Type B
- B. Type C
- C. Type E
- D. Type F
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic prednisone use causing HPA suppression is a Type C (chronic) ADR , linked to prolonged exposure, not idiosyncratic , withdrawal , or failure .
Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6 year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item?
- A. Milk
- B. Water
- C. Apple juice
- D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
A community health nurse visits a client at home. Prednisone 10 mg orally daily has been prescribed for the client and the nurse reinforces teaching for the client about the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates that further teaching is necessary?
- A. I can take aspirin or my antihistamine if I need it.'
- B. I need to take the medication every day at the same time.'
- C. I need to avoid coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate in my diet.'
- D. If I gain more than 5 pounds a week, I will call my doctor.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin and other over-the-counter medications should not be taken unless the client consults with the health care provider (HCP). The client needs to take the medication at the same time every day and should be instructed not to stop the medication. A slight weight gain as a result of an improved appetite is expected, but after the dosage is stabilized, a weight gain of 5 lb or more weekly should be reported to the HCP. Caffeine-containing foods and fluids need to be avoided because they may contribute to steroid-ulcer development.