Nokea
Regarding infective endocarditis in an IVDU
- A. Usually presents with fever and respiratory symptoms
- B. Usually involves the mitral valve
- C. The commonest organism is staph epidermidis
- D. Negative blood cultures exclude the diagnosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IVDU endocarditis fever, lung emboli from tricuspid, not mitral, Staph aureus, cultures miss some. Nurses hear this chronic right-side roar.
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A hospitalized patient who has received chemotherapy for leukemia develops neutropenia. Which observation by the nurse would indicate a need for further teaching?
- A. The patient ambulates several times a day in the room
- B. The patient's visitors bring in some fresh peaches from home
- C. The patient cleans with a warm washcloth after having a stool
- D. The patient uses soap and shampoo to shower every other day
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neutropenia post-chemo low neutrophils craves germ-free zones; fresh peaches from home carry bacteria, a teaching gap as raw produce risks infection in this immune-wrecked state. Ambulation's safe, hygiene's spot-on washcloths and showers cut germs. Nurses reteach, banning unwashed fruit, a vital shield in leukemia's neutropenic peril, ensuring clients grasp this microbial minefield.
The nurse is arriving at the beginning of her shift and has taken report on four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client should the nurse see first?
- A. A client with pain that is two days post-operative from a prostatectomy
- B. A client ready for discharge education after treatment of an acute kidney injury
- C. A client with hypertension with a blood pressure of 172/92 mm Hg
- D. A client with a history of asthma complaining of increased dyspnea
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asthma's increased dyspnea flags airway risk ABCs prioritize breathing, as bronchospasm could crash fast, needing nebulizers or oxygen. Post-op pain's manageable, discharge education waits, hypertension's high but stable. Nurses hit dyspnea first, ensuring airflow, a life-first call in this shift-start triage.
Which animal is least associated with rabies?
- A. dogs
- B. skunks
- C. foxes
- D. rats
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rabies dogs, skunks, foxes, bats bite big; rats rarely tag along. Nurses eye this chronic zoonotic crew.
A general practitioner (GP) advises an overweight patient to go to the gym to work out. Question: This advice is an example of which type of prevention?
- A. Primary prevention
- B. Secondary prevention
- C. Tertiary prevention
- D. Quaternary prevention
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gym nudge for overweight primary, stops diabetes before it starts, not screening or late fixes. Nurses push this, a chronic preemptive strike.
During hourly rounding the nurse enters a room where the client is unresponsive without pulse. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Begin ventilation at 1 breath every 6-8 seconds
- B. Start chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute
- C. Wait for the emergency response team for direction
- D. Call the family
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: No pulse, no response cardiac arrest kicks in chest compressions, 100-120/min, pumping life per ACLS, trumping breaths first in lone-rescuer mode. Waiting or calling delays; ventilation follows. Nurses hammer compressions, buying brain time, a priority slam in this code blue crash.