Nokea
Functions of the Tongue papillae include the following except:
- A. The filiform papillae contain nerve endings specialized for touch.
- B. Enables animals in licking layers of solids and semisolids material.
- C. Most Fungiform and all the circumvallate papillae contain taste buds
- D. Von Ebner glands important in salivary secretion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Von Ebner's glands (serous glands) are associated with circumvallate papillae and aid in taste perception by secreting fluid, not general salivary secretion.
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Adenoids are enlarged:
- A. Palatine tonsil
- B. Pharyngeal tonsil
- C. Lingual tonsil
- D. Laryngeal tonsil
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adenoids refer to the enlarged pharyngeal tonsil, located in the nasopharynx, which can obstruct breathing when hypertrophied.
Homeostasis is best described as:
- A. The process by which we change our external environment so that we are comfortable
- B. A process that uses hormones to adjust our bodily functions
- C. A process by which nerves and hormones operate together to keep the internal environment stable no matter what the external conditions
- D. A process by which the nerves make us respond to danger
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Homeostasis maintains internal stability using nerves and hormones despite external changes.
Esophagus, all true except:
- A. Muscular tube that conveys the ingested food from the pharynx to the stomach
- B. Esophagus shows longitudinal folds that help in its expansion during swallowing.
- C. Its muscularis mucosa is formed entirely of smooth muscles.
- D. Its mucosa have no glands in the entire length.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The esophageal mucosa contains mucous glands in the submucosa, especially in the upper and lower regions, not none along its length.
Parotid gland, all true except:
- A. Secrete 25% of salivary secretion
- B. Formed mainly of mixed acini
- C. Has prominent striated ducts
- D. Its inflammation results in mumps
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The parotid gland is purely serous, not mixed, secreting watery saliva rich in enzymes.
Based on knowledge of the location of the pancreas, how should the student explain the location of the surgical incision?
- A. Upper abdomen, behind the stomach
- B. Right lower quadrant
- C. Left lower quadrant
- D. Right upper quadrant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pancreas is retroperitoneal, located in the upper abdomen behind the stomach.