Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions

Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Related

Review Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions related questions and content

Which of the ff. is the best explanation of emphysema for a newly diagnosed patient?

  • A. "You have inflamed bronchioles, which causes a lot of secretions."
  • B. "Your lungs have lost some of their elasticity, and air gets trapped."
  • C. "The blood supply to your lungs is damaged, so you can't absorb oxygen."
  • D. "You have large dilated sacs of sputum in your lungs."
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The best explanation of emphysema for a newly diagnosed patient is that "Your lungs have lost some of their elasticity, and air gets trapped." This explanation succinctly captures the key characteristic of emphysema, which is the destruction of the alveoli in the lungs leading to the loss of elasticity. When the alveoli lose their elasticity, they are not able to effectively expel air during exhalation, causing air to become trapped in the lungs. This trapped air leads to difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, and other respiratory symptoms commonly associated with emphysema. This explanation is clear and focuses on the primary pathology of emphysema, making it the most appropriate choice for a newly diagnosed patient to understand their condition.

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All the following are features of rapid eye movement (REM) EXCEPT

  • A. polysomnography
  • B. EEG
  • C. fibro-optic nasopharngeal examination
  • D. CT scan of head and neck
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: CT scan of head and neck is not a feature of REM sleep; it is an imaging study unrelated to the physiological characteristics of REM sleep.

Which of the ff nursing interventions may reduce hemostasis and decrease the potential for thrombophlebitis for a client with a neurologic disorder?

  • A. Remove and reapply elastic stockings
  • B. Keep extremities at neutral position
  • C. Change the clients position
  • D. Use a flotation mattress NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Keeping the extremities at a neutral position for a client with a neurologic disorder can help reduce hemostasis and decrease the potential for thrombophlebitis. This positioning helps maintain proper blood flow and prevents excessive pressure on the veins, which can lead to blood clots. Removing and reapplying elastic stockings, changing the client's position, and using a flotation mattress may have their own benefits, but in this case, keeping the extremities at a neutral position is the most direct and effective intervention to address the issue of hemostasis and thrombophlebitis for a client with a neurologic disorder.

All the following are recognizable teratogens EXCEPT

  • A. ethanol
  • B. antiepileptic medications
  • C. toxoplasmosis
  • D. hypothermia
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hypothermia is not traditionally considered a teratogen compared to others listed.

During preoperative teaching for a client who will undergo subtotal thyroidectomy, the nurse should include which statement?

  • A. "The head of your bed must remain flat for 24 hours after surgery."
  • B. "You should avoid deep breathing and coughing after surgery."
  • C. "You won't be able to swallow for the first day or two."
  • D. "You must avoid hyperextending your neck after surgery."
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct statement to include during preoperative teaching for a client undergoing subtotal thyroidectomy is "You must avoid hyperextending your neck after surgery." This is important because hyperextending the neck can put strain on the suture line and may lead to dehiscence (wound opening). It is crucial for the client to avoid any activities or positions that could compromise the surgical site and hinder proper healing.

Which medication is most likely included in post-operative care of a child with repair of bladder exstrophy?

  • A. Lasix
  • B. Mannitol
  • C. Meperidine
  • D. Oxybutynin
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Oxybutynin helps control bladder spasms and improves comfort after urinary reconstructive surgery.

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