Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Questions

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A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is admitted with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. During a bath, the client begins to cry and says that most friends and relatives have stopped visiting and calling. What should the nurse do?

  • A. Continue with the bath and tell the client not to worry
  • B. Ask the physician to obtain a psychiatric consultation
  • C. Listen and show interest as the client expresses feelings
  • D. State that these friends's behavior shows that they aren't true friends
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is important for the nurse to listen and show interest as the client expresses their feelings in this situation. The client's emotional distress is a valid response to feeling abandoned by friends and family during a difficult time. By providing a supportive and empathetic presence, the nurse can help the client feel valued and understood, promoting emotional well-being and potentially increasing the client's sense of comfort and trust in the healthcare setting. This approach validates the client's feelings and fosters therapeutic communication, which is crucial in providing holistic care to individuals with complex health needs such as AIDS and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. It is essential to acknowledge and address the client's emotional needs in addition to their physical care.

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Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the nurse to take when setting up supplies for a client who requires a blood transfusion?

  • A. Add any needed IV medication in the blood bag within one hour of planned infusion
  • B. Obtain blood bag from laboratory and leave at room temperature for at least one hour prior to infusion
  • C. Prime tubing of blood administration set with 0.9% NS solution, completely, filling filter
  • D. Inadequate dietary intake
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When setting up supplies for a client who requires a blood transfusion, the appropriate nursing intervention is to prime the tubing of the blood administration set with 0.9% NS solution completely, filling the filter. This is essential to ensure that the blood components flow smoothly through the tubing and any potential air bubbles are removed in order to prevent air embolism and ensure the safety of the blood transfusion process. Option A is not correct because adding IV medication in the blood bag is not a standard practice and can compromise the integrity of the blood product. Option B is also incorrect as blood products should be stored and maintained at specific temperatures to prevent spoilage or contamination; leaving it at room temperature is not advised. Option D is unrelated to setting up supplies for a blood transfusion and addresses inadequate dietary intake, which is a different nursing concern than the preparation of blood transfusion supplies.

Which finding would you expect in a 4-week-old with biliary atresia?

  • A. Abdominal distention, enlarged liver and spleen, clay-colored stools, and tea-colored urine.
  • B. Abdominal distention with bruises and hematuria.
  • C. Yellow sclera/skin, oily skin, and prolonged bleeding times.
  • D. No manifestations until advanced disease.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Biliary atresia typically presents with hepatosplenomegaly, pale stools, and dark urine due to impaired bile excretion.

The Denver II assesses the development of children from birth to 6 years of age, it includes the following domains EXCEPT

  • A. language
  • B. intelligence
  • C. gross motor
  • D. personal-social
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Denver II does not specifically assess intelligence.

The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a patient. Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for the development of hypertension? i.Race iv.Sedentary lifestyle ii.High cholesterol v.Age iii.Cigarette smoking

  • A. 1 and 2
  • B. 2, 3, 4 and 5
  • C. 2, 3 and 4
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: High cholesterol, cigarette smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle are modifiable risk factors for the development of hypertension. Race and age are non-modifiable risk factors. By targeting high cholesterol, cigarette smoking, and promoting physical activity, the nurse can help the patient reduce their risk of developing hypertension. It is important to focus on these modifiable factors in the teaching plan to empower the patient to make positive lifestyle changes and improve their overall health.

Which of the following responses indicates sympathetic nervous system function?

  • A. Tachycardia, dilated pupils
  • B. Hypoglycaemia, headache
  • C. Increased peristalsis, abdominal cramping
  • D. Pupil constriction, bronchoconstriction
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the body's "fight or flight" response. Tachycardia (increased heart rate) and dilated pupils are classic responses of the sympathetic nervous system activation during times of stress or danger. These physiological responses prepare the body for action, such as running away from a threat.

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