Nokea
The school nurse is observing the development of gross motor skills of young children at the school and watches a child who is learning how to throw a ball overhand. How old is this child?
- A. 3 years old
- B. 4 years old
- C. 5 years old
- D. 6 years old
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At age 4, most children have developed the ability to throw a ball overhand.
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A nurse is providing primary prevention education to reduce the risk of lead poisoning to a mother of a toddler. Which of the following recommendations would the nurse make?
- A. Encourage the toddler to drink orange juice and eat yogurt.
- B. Encourage the toddler to eat plenty of cakes and cookies to help absorb the lead.
- C. Limit foods high in iron such as spinach to help reduce lead levels.
- D. Encourage dark-chocolate–containing products that contain antioxidants to help reduce lead levels.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin C (found in orange juice) and calcium (found in yogurt) help reduce lead absorption in the body.
A 27-year-old woman has not received a Pap test in years. This assessment finding identifies an alteration in which functional pattern?
- A. Health-perception–health-management pattern
- B. Elimination pattern
- C. Activity-rest pattern
- D. Self-perception–self-concept pattern
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failing to get a Pap test represents an alteration in health perceptions and management.
A nurse is counseling a teenager who smokes one pack of cigarettes a day. The teenager states he likes to smoke with his friends and does not recognize the connection between his smoking and his asthma. When planning an intervention for this person, the nurse must first recognize that the teenager is in the:
- A. Precontemplation stage of change
- B. Preparation stage of change
- C. Action stage of change
- D. Maintenance stage of change
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the precontemplation stage, the individual is not yet considering change or recognizing the need to change.
Which of the following behaviors exemplifies a toddler working through his developmental task?
- A. Clinging to his mother
- B. Refusing to take a bath
- C. Playing quietly with one toy
- D. Having no interest in a new toy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Refusing to take a bath is a typical sign of a toddler asserting their autonomy, a key developmental task.
A 24-year-old man with severe cognitive impairment, and no relatives participating in his care, needs to make a decision about removal of a brain tumor. Which ethical concept is the client unable to benefit from?
- A. Autonomy
- B. Justice
- C. Beneficence
- D. Advocacy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client is unable to make an autonomous decision due to cognitive impairment.