Nokea
Connective tissue fibers include:
- A. Purkinje, elastic and reticular fibers
- B. Purkinje, elastic and collagen fibers
- C. Reticular, elastic and collagen fibers
- D. Purkinje, reticular and collagen fibers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reticular, elastic, and collagen fibers. Reticular fibers provide structural support, elastic fibers allow flexibility, and collagen fibers offer strength to connective tissues. Purkinje fibers are specialized cardiac muscle fibers, not connective tissue fibers. Choice A is incorrect because it includes Purkinje fibers, which are not part of connective tissue. Choice B is incorrect as it includes Purkinje fibers instead of reticular fibers. Choice D is incorrect because it lacks elastic fibers, which are essential for tissue flexibility. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer as it includes all three types of essential connective tissue fibers.
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The stimulation of initial milk production and release in the breast is accomplished by which hormones? Select all that apply.
- A. Oxytocin
- B. Progesterone
- C. Prolactin
- D. Luteinizing hormone
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Correct Answer: A (Oxytocin), C (Prolactin)
Rationale:
1. Oxytocin stimulates milk ejection (let-down reflex) by contracting the muscles around the alveoli, releasing milk.
2. Prolactin is responsible for the production of milk in the mammary glands.
Summary of Other Choices:
- Progesterone: Plays a role in preparing the breast for lactation but doesn't directly stimulate milk production.
- Luteinizing hormone: Primarily involved in ovulation and corpus luteum formation, not milk production.
After Sam fathers five children, he and his wife decide that he should have a vasectomy, which is a cutting and removal of a small section of each vas deferens. Why will this cause Sam to be infertile?
- A. It will become impossible for him to ejaculate during coitus.
- B. The sperm will not be able to get from the epididymis to the urethra.
- C. He will no longer produce sperm.
- D. The seminal fluid will be too acidic for the sperm to survive.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Vasectomy involves cutting and removing a small section of each vas deferens, the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra.
Step 2: By severing the vas deferens, sperm are physically blocked from reaching the urethra.
Step 3: Without the ability for sperm to travel through the vas deferens to the urethra, they cannot be ejaculated during coitus.
Step 4: Therefore, choice B is correct - the sperm will not be able to get from the epididymis to the urethra, causing infertility.
Summary:
Choice A is incorrect because ejaculation is the release of semen, not sperm. Choice C is incorrect as the testicles continue to produce sperm, but the sperm cannot reach the urethra. Choice D is incorrect as the acidity of seminal fluid does not affect the ability of sperm to travel through the vas deferens.
If a woman’s menstrual cycle began on June 2, on which date should ovulation mostly likely have occurred?
- A. Jun-10
- B. Jun-16
- C. Jun-29
- D. Jul-05
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The menstrual cycle is typically 28 days, with ovulation occurring around day 14. In this case, if the cycle started on June 2, ovulation would likely occur around June 16, which is 14 days after the start. Choice A (Jun-10) is too early for ovulation. Choice C (Jun-29) and D (Jul-05) are too late based on the standard 28-day cycle. Therefore, choice B (Jun-16) is the correct answer based on the expected timing of ovulation in a typical menstrual cycle.
Treatment of engorgement in the breastfeeding mother includes
- A. application of warm compresses before breastfeeding
- B. less frequent breastfeeding
- C. antibiotics and cold therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warm compresses and frequent breastfeeding help relieve engorgement by promoting milk flow.
If a quad screen shows high AFP, and normal hCG, uE3 and INH-A, this indicates
- A. neural tube defect
- B. trisomy 21
- C. multiple gestation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated AFP suggests open neural tube defects or abdominal wall defects.