Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Breast

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The normal testicular temperature necessary for its optimal functioning is around _______ below the normal body temperature:

  • A. 2-3°C
  • B. 4-5°C
  • C. 33-36°C
  • D. 31-34°C
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 2-3°C below the normal body temperature. Testicles need to be slightly cooler than the body's normal temperature for optimal functioning. This slight decrease in temperature helps in maintaining the viability of sperm production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because a greater deviation from the body's normal temperature would be detrimental to sperm production. B: 4-5°C is too much of a decrease, while C: 33-36°C and D: 31-34°C are higher than the normal body temperature, which would hinder sperm production.

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To prevent contamination and encourage drying of the umbilical cord stump, caregivers should be advised to

  • A. give the newborn daily tub baths
  • B. pull on the cord stump daily
  • C. fold diapers down to avoid covering the cord stump
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Keeping the cord stump exposed to air promotes drying and reduces infection risk.

The nurse is reviewing information in anticipation of providing education to her patient. What is an accurate statement about ovarian cancer?

  • A. The symptoms of ovarian cancer are easy to detect because they are very specific to the disease process.
  • B. The symptoms of ovarian cancer are difficult to detect because they are vague and nonspecific.
  • C. There are no symptoms of ovarian cancer.
  • D. There are screening tests available for ovarian cancer that make it easy to detect.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the symptoms of ovarian cancer are often vague and nonspecific, leading to challenges in early detection. Symptoms such as bloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating, and frequent urination can be mistaken for other conditions. This lack of specific symptoms makes it difficult for individuals to recognize the signs of ovarian cancer. Choice A is incorrect because the symptoms are not easy to detect. Choice C is incorrect as ovarian cancer does present symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as there are no reliable screening tests for ovarian cancer, which contributes to the difficulty in early detection.

Following an unmedicated delivery, a neonate should ideally begin breastfeeding during the first

  • A. 10 to 20 minutes
  • B. 1 to 2 hours
  • C. 3 to 4 hours
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Early initiation supports bonding, temperature regulation, and successful breastfeeding.

The division of the uterine tube that has an outer margin that resembles a fringe is called the:

  • A. Isthmus
  • B. Ampulla
  • C. Infundibulum
  • D. Oviduct
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The infundibulum has fimbriae, which resemble a fringe at its outer margin.

A 45-year-old patient asks how often she should have a mammogram. The most appropriate answer is

  • A. whenever she feels a lump.
  • B. every year beginning at age
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: every year beginning at age 45. This recommendation aligns with guidelines from major health organizations, such as the American Cancer Society, which suggest annual mammograms for women starting at age 45 to screen for breast cancer. Regular screening helps detect early signs of cancer and improves treatment outcomes. Choice A is incorrect as relying on feeling a lump is not a reliable screening method. Choices C and D are incomplete and do not provide a specific guideline for mammogram frequency.

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