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A patient undergoing IVF asks about the role of gonadotropins. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Gonadotropins suppress ovulation to control the cycle.
- B. They stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs for retrieval.
- C. They are only used during natural conception cycles.
- D. Gonadotropins replace progesterone in early pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because gonadotropins stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs for retrieval during IVF. This is crucial to increase the chances of successful fertilization. Choice A is incorrect as gonadotropins actually stimulate ovulation. Choice C is incorrect as gonadotropins are specifically used in assisted reproductive technologies like IVF. Choice D is incorrect as gonadotropins do not replace progesterone but rather help in follicular development.
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A patient undergoing infertility treatment asks about the importance of stress management. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Stress has no impact on fertility treatment outcomes.
- B. Stress can negatively affect hormone levels and ovulation.
- C. Managing stress is only important after conception occurs.
- D. Stress is a common cause of infertility in both partners.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because stress can indeed negatively affect hormone levels and ovulation, thereby impacting fertility treatment outcomes. High levels of stress can disrupt the delicate balance of hormones involved in the reproductive process, leading to irregular ovulation and potentially hindering conception. It is essential for patients undergoing infertility treatment to manage stress effectively to optimize their chances of success.
Choice A is incorrect because research suggests that stress can impact fertility treatment outcomes. Choice C is incorrect as stress management is important throughout the fertility treatment process, not just after conception. Choice D is incorrect because while stress can contribute to infertility, it is not always the primary cause and can affect fertility differently in each partner.
What is the primary goal of using gonadotropins in fertility treatments?
- A. To suppress ovulation for egg preservation.
- B. To stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs.
- C. To prevent hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle.
- D. To enhance uterine lining growth for implantation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary goal of using gonadotropins in fertility treatments is to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. This increases the chances of successful fertilization and pregnancy. Gonadotropins mimic the natural hormones that regulate ovulation and stimulate the growth of follicles in the ovaries. By producing multiple eggs, there is a higher likelihood of at least one egg being successfully fertilized.
Choice A is incorrect because gonadotropins actually stimulate ovulation rather than suppress it.
Choice C is incorrect as gonadotropins do not prevent hormonal fluctuations but rather help regulate and induce controlled hormonal changes.
Choice D is incorrect as the primary goal of using gonadotropins is not to enhance uterine lining growth but rather to stimulate egg production in the ovaries.
Nurses working in a midwifery office have attended a conference to learn about factors that increase a woman's risk of becoming infertile. To evaluate the nurses' learning, the conference coordinator tested the nurses' knowledge at the conclusion of the seminar. Which of the following problems should the nurses state increase a client's risk of developing infertility problems? Select all that apply.
- A. Women who have menstrual cycles that are up to 30 days long.
- B. Women who experience pain during intercourse.
- C. Women who have had pelvic inflammatory disease.
- D. Women who have excess facial hair.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pain during intercourse, pelvic inflammatory disease, and hirsutism (excess facial hair) are associated with infertility.
The nurse is analyzing the pedigree shown below. How should the nurse interpret the genotype of the individual in location II-4?
- A. Affected male.
- B. Unaffected female.
- C. Stillborn child.
- D. Child of unknown sex.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symbol indicates an affected male.
What is the role of hCG injections in fertility treatments?
- A. To prevent ovulation during stimulation cycles.
- B. To trigger the release of mature eggs from the ovary.
- C. To enhance the quality of embryos for transfer.
- D. To suppress uterine contractions post-implantation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To trigger the release of mature eggs from the ovary. hCG injections are commonly used in fertility treatments to induce ovulation by mimicking the hormone LH, which triggers the release of mature eggs from the ovary. This is crucial for assisted reproductive techniques like in vitro fertilization.
A: Incorrect. hCG injections do not prevent ovulation; instead, they promote it.
C: Incorrect. hCG injections do not directly enhance the quality of embryos.
D: Incorrect. hCG injections are not used to suppress uterine contractions post-implantation; they are primarily for ovulation induction.