Nokea
The exocrine pancreas secretes the following enzymes except:
- A. Chymotrypsinogen
- B. Prolestase
- C. Lactase
- D. Alph
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lactase. Lactase is an enzyme produced in the small intestine, not in the pancreas. The exocrine pancreas secretes digestive enzymes like chymotrypsinogen, proelastase, and lipase to aid in the digestion of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Lactase is responsible for breaking down lactose, a sugar found in dairy products, and is produced in the small intestine. Therefore, C is the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because chymotrypsinogen, proelastase, and alph are all enzymes produced by the pancreas to aid in digestion.
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Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to a client who is asymptomatic of colonic cancer, but whose stool test results are positive for blood?
- A. Add fiber to the diet
- B. Undergo a colonoscopy
- C. Use warm soaks
- D. Use a stool softener
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A positive fecal occult blood test may indicate colorectal cancer, and a colonoscopy is required for further investigation and diagnosis.
Na+ and other carrier ions facilitate absorption of
- A. amino acids and fructose
- B. fatty acids and glycerol
- C. fatty acids and glucose
- D. amino acids and glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Na+ facilitates the absorption of glucose and amino acids through sodium-dependent transporters in the intestinal cells. Glucose and amino acids are transported into the cells along with Na+ ions, making option D the correct choice. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Na+ does not facilitate the absorption of fructose, fatty acids, or glycerol through specific transport mechanisms.
Priority Decision: During care of the severely obese patient
- A. what is most important for the nurse to do?
- B. Avoid reference to the patient's weight to avoid embarrassing the patient.
- C. Emphasize to the patient how important it is to lose weight to maintain health.
- D. Plan for necessary modifications in equipment and nursing techniques before initiating care.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Planning for necessary equipment modifications is crucial to safely care for obese patients, ensuring comfort and effectiveness in care.
Which method is preferred for immediate treatment of an acute episode of constipation?
- A. An enema
- B. Stool softeners
- C. Increased fluid
- D. Bulk-forming medication
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An enema is often the preferred immediate treatment for acute constipation to relieve discomfort and promote bowel evacuation.
Which cells secrete hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
- A. Parietal cells
- B. Chief cells
- C. Mucous neck cells
- D. Enteroendocrine cells
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parietal cells. Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid in the stomach to create the acidic environment necessary for digestion. They also secrete intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption. Chief cells produce pepsinogen, not hydrochloric acid. Mucous neck cells secrete mucus to protect the stomach lining. Enteroendocrine cells secrete hormones like gastrin, not hydrochloric acid. Therefore, the correct choice is A as it directly produces hydrochloric acid in the stomach.