Nokea
The nurse is obtaining a history of a patient with hepatitis Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask?
- A. "If using drugs, do you share needles?"
- B. "Do you always practice safe sex?"
- C. "You traveled to Canada in the last month?"
- D. "Do you eat shellfish often?"
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because hepatitis can be transmitted through contaminated food or water, including shellfish. Asking about shellfish consumption helps assess the risk of exposure to hepatitis. Choice A is more relevant for HIV transmission. Choice B focuses on STDs. Choice C is not directly related to hepatitis transmission.
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The exocrine pancreas secretes the following enzymes except:
- A. Chymotrypsinogen
- B. Prolestase
- C. Lactase
- D. Alph
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lactase. Lactase is an enzyme produced in the small intestine, not in the pancreas. The exocrine pancreas secretes digestive enzymes like chymotrypsinogen, proelastase, and lipase to aid in the digestion of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Lactase is responsible for breaking down lactose, a sugar found in dairy products, and is produced in the small intestine. Therefore, C is the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because chymotrypsinogen, proelastase, and alph are all enzymes produced by the pancreas to aid in digestion.
The term gastrointestinal (GI) tract refers to the
- A. oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
- B. pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
- C. esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
- D. stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The GI tract starts from the oral cavity where digestion begins.
Step 2: It then moves to the pharynx, esophagus for food transport.
Step 3: Next, the food enters the stomach for further digestion.
Step 4: The small intestine is where most digestion and absorption occur.
Step 5: Lastly, the large intestine absorbs water and prepares waste for elimination.
Step 6: Thus, answer A includes all the structures involved in the entire digestive process, making it the correct choice.
Summary:
Choice B is incorrect as it omits the oral cavity. Choice C excludes the pharynx. Choice D is incorrect as it misses the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus.
Which of the following diagnostic tests can be given to a client who cannot retain dye tablets given to test his gallbladder?
- A. Oral cholecystography
- B. Cholangiography
- C. Barium enema
- D. Barium swallow
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cholangiography is used as an alternative to oral cholecystography when a client cannot retain the dye tablets.
What is the function of bile in digestion?
- A. Emulsify fats
- B. Break down proteins
- C. Break down carbohydrates
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Emulsify fats. Bile emulsifies fats by breaking them down into smaller droplets, increasing the surface area for enzymes to work on, aiding in the digestion and absorption of fats. Choices B and C are incorrect as bile specifically targets fats, not proteins or carbohydrates. Choice D is incorrect as bile plays a crucial role in fat digestion.
What may occur with failure of the sodium-potassium pump during severe protein depletion?
- A. Ascites
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Anemia
- D. Hypoalbuminemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failure of the sodium-potassium pump can lead to an imbalance of electrolytes including hyperkalemia.