Nokea
One of the following is a difference between pulmonary respiration of frog and human
- A. Diaphragm and ribs play role in respiration
- B. Lungs are respiratory organs
- C. Respiration occurs due to pressure gradient
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in frogs, respiration is mainly driven by buccal pumping using their mouth cavity and floor of the mouth, while in humans, diaphragm and ribs play a crucial role in expanding and contracting the chest cavity for breathing. Choices B and C are incorrect as both frogs and humans have lungs as respiratory organs and respiration occurs due to a pressure gradient in both species. Choice D is incorrect as the difference lies in the involvement of the diaphragm and ribs in respiration.
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A nurse assesses a client's respiratory status. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
- A. Average daily fluid intake.
- B. Neck circumference.
- C. Height and weight.
- D. Occupation and hobbies.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occupation and hobbies. This information is crucial as certain occupations or hobbies may expose the client to respiratory hazards, leading to potential respiratory issues. By assessing their occupation and hobbies, the nurse can identify any risks or triggers that could impact the client's respiratory status.
A: Average daily fluid intake is important for overall health but not directly related to respiratory status assessment.
B: Neck circumference may be relevant for assessing airway obstruction risk but is not as critical as occupation and hobbies.
C: Height and weight are more related to general health and body mass index, not specifically respiratory status assessment.
Which of the following gas mixture is used by Divers to prevent Oxygen toxicity
- A. Oxygen and CO2
- B. Oxygen and Nitrogen
- C. Oxygen and rare gases
- D. Oxygen, CO2 and Nitrogen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oxygen and Nitrogen. This gas mixture is used by divers to prevent Oxygen toxicity because it closely mimics the composition of the air we breathe. Oxygen toxicity can occur at high partial pressures of Oxygen, which can lead to seizures and other serious health issues. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because CO2 and rare gases are not typically used in diving gas mixtures, and including CO2 in the mixture can increase the risk of Oxygen toxicity. Nitrogen is used as a diluent to reduce the partial pressure of Oxygen, making it safer for divers.
A client has been diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). What action by the nurse takes highest priority?
- A. Educating the client on adherence to the treatment regimen
- B. Encouraging the client to eat a well-balanced diet
- C. Informing the client about follow-up sputum cultures
- D. Teaching the client ways to balance rest with activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because educating the client on adherence to the treatment regimen is the top priority in managing TB. This is crucial to prevent the spread of the disease and ensure successful treatment. Choice B is important for overall health but not the priority. Choice C is important but comes after starting treatment. Choice D is also important but does not directly impact the treatment outcome for TB.
What is a primary treatment goal for cor pulmonale?
- A. Controlling dysrhythmias
- B. Dilating the pulmonary arteries
- C. Strengthening the cardiac muscle
- D. Treating the underlying pulmonary condition
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The primary treatment goal for cor pulmonale is to treat the underlying pulmonary condition causing the right-sided heart failure, as addressing the pulmonary issue can help alleviate the strain on the heart.
Hypoxia
- A. causes hyperventilation
- B. may cause headaches, nausea, and lethargy.
- C. can lead to loss of consciousness and death
- D. all of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because hypoxia, which is a condition of low oxygen levels in the body, can indeed lead to hyperventilation, as the body tries to compensate. It can also cause symptoms like headaches, nausea, and lethargy due to the lack of oxygen reaching the brain and other organs. Severe hypoxia can lead to loss of consciousness and even death if oxygen levels are not restored promptly. Therefore, all the statements in choices A, B, and C are true in relation to hypoxia, making option D the correct choice.