Nokea
Which cells are present in a male age five?
- A. spermatocytes
- B. spermatozoa
- C. spermatogonia
- D. spermatid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: spermatogonia. At the age of five, boys have not reached puberty yet, so they do not produce sperm cells. Spermatogonia are the precursor cells that give rise to sperm cells later in puberty. Spermatocytes are the cells that undergo meiosis to form sperm cells, spermatozoa are mature sperm cells, and spermatids are the immediate precursors to sperm cells. Therefore, the only cells present in a male age five would be spermatogonia, as they are the early-stage cells in the process of spermatogenesis.
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The testosterone secretion is controlled by:
- A. the FSH;
- B. the LH;
- C. the corticoadrenal;
- D. the negative feedback of posterior pituitary;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: LH (luteinizing hormone) is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a key role in stimulating the Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone.
Step 2: Testosterone secretion is directly controlled by the LH through this stimulation.
Step 3: FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) is involved in sperm production, not testosterone secretion.
Step 4: Corticoadrenal hormones are related to stress response, not testosterone regulation.
Step 5: Negative feedback from the posterior pituitary does not directly control testosterone secretion.
Therefore, the correct answer is B (the LH) as it directly influences testosterone production.
Which of these is not a function of estrogen?
- A. decreases adipose
- B. breast development
- C. increased skin blood vessels
- D. enlarges clitoris
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Estrogen does not decrease adipose tissue; it actually promotes fat deposition in certain body areas. Breast development, increased skin blood vessels, and enlargement of the clitoris are all functions of estrogen. Adipose tissue regulation is influenced by other hormones like insulin and cortisol.
Which hormone is made by the interstitial cells of the testis?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Testosterone
- C. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
- D. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Certainly. The correct answer is B: Testosterone. Interstitial cells of the testis, also known as Leydig cells, synthesize and secrete testosterone. Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone responsible for the development of male reproductive tissues and characteristics. Estrogen (A) is primarily produced in the ovaries in females. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (C) is produced by the placenta during pregnancy. Luteinizing hormone (LH) (D) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the interstitial cells to produce testosterone.
Rita Chen, who is 25 years old and knows that she is not pregnant, is concerned because she has not had a menstrual period for three months. Her doctor described this condition as ______.
- A. dysmenorrhea
- B. amenorrhea
- C. menometrorrhagia
- D. polymenorrhoea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: amenorrhea. Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstrual periods, which is the condition Rita Chen is experiencing. Dysmenorrhea is painful periods, not absence of periods. Menometrorrhagia is excessive and prolonged menstrual bleeding. Polymenorrhoea is frequent menstrual periods, not absence of periods. In this case, Rita's lack of periods for three months aligns with the definition of amenorrhea.
Where does implantation of the blastocyst occur?
- A. uterine tubes
- B. endometrium
- C. cervix
- D. ovary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: endometrium. After fertilization, the blastocyst travels through the uterine tubes and implants into the endometrium for further development. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus where implantation occurs to establish pregnancy. The uterine tubes (choice A) are the site of fertilization, but not implantation. The cervix (choice C) is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina and does not play a role in implantation. The ovary (choice D) is where the egg is released during ovulation and not the site of implantation.