Neurological Review of Systems Questions

Neurological Review of Systems Questions Related

Review Neurological Review of Systems Questions related questions and content

Which of these cranial nerves contains preganglionic parasympathetic fibers?

  • A. optic, CN II
  • B. facial, CN VII
  • C. trigeminal, CN V
  • D. hypoglossal, CN XII
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: facial nerve, CN VII. The facial nerve contains preganglionic parasympathetic fibers that innervate the lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual glands. These fibers originate from the superior salivatory nucleus in the pons. Option A (optic nerve) is involved in vision and not related to parasympathetic function. Option C (trigeminal nerve) is primarily involved in sensory innervation of the face and motor function of the muscles of mastication. Option D (hypoglossal nerve) is responsible for motor control of the tongue and is not associated with parasympathetic fibers.

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When performing a neurologic assessment, the nurse should prioritize:

  • A. Observing for any sudden changes in mental status or physical function.
  • B. Measuring the patient's body temperature.
  • C. Checking the patient's blood pressure.
  • D. Assessing the patient's respiratory rate.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Sudden changes in mental status or physical function are critical in neurologic assessments. Temperature, blood pressure, and respiratory rate are secondary considerations.

Which medication is the precursor for dopamine?

  • A. retrodopa
  • B. levodopa
  • C. monoamine oxidase
  • D. carbidopa
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Levodopa is a precursor to dopamine and is the most effective medication for managing the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine in the brain.

A patient is diagnosed with a health problem that alters the way impulses are conducted in the neurological system. When reviewing this information with the patient, which part of a neuron should the nurse teach carries impulses toward the cell body?

  • A. Axon
  • B. Dendrite
  • C. Schwann cell
  • D. Myelin sheath
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dendrites are extensions of the neuron that carry impulses toward the cell body. Axons transmit impulses away from the cell body, while Schwann cells and the myelin sheath are involved in insulating and speeding up nerve impulse transmission. Understanding the role of dendrites is crucial for explaining how neurons communicate.

Which of the following clients are more likely to suffer from a cerebral hematoma?

  • A. A client with a family history of hemophilia; no symptoms
  • B. A client receiving platelets for a low platelet count
  • C. A client with anemia taking iron
  • D. A client with atrial fibrillation on Coumadin
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Clients on anticoagulants are at higher risk for bleeding complications.

Nerve impulses are carried to another part of the body by a neuron's (nerve cell):

  • A. dendrites
  • B. axon
  • C. neuron cell body
  • D. synapse
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The axon is the part of a neuron responsible for carrying nerve impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands. It is a long, slender projection that conducts electrical signals, known as action potentials, to the axon terminals. At the terminals, the signal triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse, facilitating communication with the next neuron or target cell. The axon is essential for transmitting information across the nervous system.

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