Nokea
A 15 year old girl experiences epileptic fits during her menstrual periods. Which ONE of the following drugs is best suited for the management of her condition?
- A. Ethosuximide
- B. Valproic acid
- C. Phenytoin
- D. Corticosteroids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valproic acid is effective for catamenial epilepsy and tonic-clonic seizures.
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Which of the following medications has not hypoglycemic effect:
- A. Insulin
- B. Glucagon
- C. Metformin
- D. Glibenclamid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucagon raises blood glucose levels, unlike the others which lower it.
The treatment of hyperlipidemia with gemfibrozil plus lovastatin is associated with a high risk of:
- A. Constipation
- B. Myopathy
- C. Hepatitis
- D. Thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Combining gemfibrozil and statins increases the risk of myopathy due to elevated statin levels.
Which statement best describes drug efficacy/toxicity in pediatric patients?
- A. Drug requirements for infants have been extensively studied.
- B. Drug dosage is altered by age and weight in children.
- C. Children always need smaller doses of medication than adults.
- D. Infants and children are not at risk for drug toxicity if the dosage is correct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric dosing adjusts for age and weight due to varying metabolism and body composition.
Which medication route provides the most rapid onset of a medication, but also poses the greatest risk of adverse effects?
- A. Intradermal
- B. Subcutaneous (subcut)
- C. Intramuscular (IM)
- D. Intravenous (IV)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: IV medications are delivered directly into the bloodstream and avoid the first pass effect of the liver. Intradermal, subcut, and IM administration have a slower absorption rate.
You are the home health nurse caring for a 77-year-old patient with congestive heart failure. When assessing this patient, in relation to their drug therapy, what is one thing that would be important for you to include in your assessment?
- A. Patient's age
- B. Required lifestyle changes
- C. Family members in the community
- D. Compliance with nutritional recommendations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lifestyle changes (e.g., salt restriction) impact CHF drug therapy efficacy and adherence, critical for assessment.