Nokea
A 16-year-old discusses his recent diagnosis of lupus with the nurse. Which statement best describes adolescent thinking regarding the future?
- A. Adolescents are preoccupied with the present.
- B. Adolescents are beginning to think abstractly and consider future possibilities.
- C. Adolescents think only in concrete terms.
- D. Adolescents are overly concerned with past events.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During adolescence, abstract thinking develops, allowing teens to envision future possibilities.
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You are discussing physical child abuse with medical students; you state that fractures are common presentation and those that should raise suspicion for abuse include fractures that are unexplained, occurring in young, non-ambulatory children, or involve multiple bones. Of the following, the site of the fracture that is LESS specific for abuse is
- A. rib
- B. scapula
- C. skull
- D. vertebra
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fractures of the vertebrae are less specific for abuse compared to other sites like ribs, scapula, or skull, which are more characteristic of inflicted trauma.
During the routine exam of an infant the parents state a 5th degree family history of adenomatous polyposis. The statement that should be included during the discussion is the infant is at increased risk of colonic adenocarcinoma
- A. the infant is at increased risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia
- B. the infant is at increased risk of intestinal Burkitt lymphoma
- C. the infant is at increased risk of hepatoblastoma
- D. the infant is at increased risk of germ cell tumor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Familial adenomatous polyposis significantly increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
Which of the ff nursing interventions ensure that a client with Hodgkin's disease remains free of infection? Choose all that apply
- A. Apply ice to the skin for brief periods
- B. Provide cool sponge baths
- C. Practice conscientious hand washing
- D. Use cotton gloves Restrict visitors or personnel with infections from contact with the client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: #NAME?
When monitoring for hypernatremia, the nurse should assess the client for:
- A. Dry skin
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Confusion
- D. Pale coloring
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypernatremia is a condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood. When monitoring for hypernatremia, the nurse should assess the client for signs of neurologic impairment, such as confusion. This is because hypernatremia can lead to changes in mental status due to the hyperosmolarity of the blood affecting brain function. Assessing for confusion is crucial in identifying and managing hypernatremia promptly to prevent further complications. Dry skin, tachycardia, and pale coloring are not specific manifestations of hypernatremia and are less likely to be directly related to this electrolyte imbalance.
Mr. Reyes is extremely confused. The nurse provide new information slowly and in small amounts because;
- A. Confusion or delirium can be a defense against further stress
- B. Destruction of brain cells has occurred, interrupting mental activity
- C. Teaching based on information progressing from the simple to the complex
- D. A minimum of information should be given, since he is unaware of surrounding
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Providing new information slowly and in small amounts to a confused individual, like Mr. Reyes, is important because confusion or delirium can be a defense mechanism against further stress. By giving information gradually, it allows the individual to better absorb and process the information without becoming overwhelmed, which can further exacerbate their confusion. This approach also helps reduce the risk of causing additional stress or agitation in the individual, thus promoting a more conducive environment for cognitive processing and understanding.