Nokea
A 24-year-old male received multiple fractures in a motor vehicle accident that required significant amounts of opioid medication to treat his pain. He is at risk for a __ adverse drug reaction when he no longer requires the opioids.
- A. Rapid
- B. First-dose
- C. Late
- D. Delayed
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Opioid withdrawal after heavy use is a Type E (end-of-use) ADR, but 'Rapid' fits the abrupt cessation context here, though not standard typology.
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The nurse caring for a patient who has tuberculosis and who is taking isoniazid, rifampin, and streptomycin reviews the medical record and notes the patient's sputum cultures reveal resistance to streptomycin. The nurse will anticipate that the provider will take which action?
- A. Add ethambutol (Myambutol)
- B. Change the streptomycin to clarithromycin
- C. Change the streptomycin to kanamycin
- D. Order renal function tests
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kanamycin replaces streptomycin in phase I resistance; ethambutol is for INH resistance, and clarithromycin is phase II. The patient's current regimen is first-phase treatment. If resistance to streptomycin develops, the provider can change to kanamycin or to ciprofloxacin.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Beclomethasone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Rinse your mouth after each use of this medication.
- B. Limit fluid intake while taking this medication.
- C. Increase your intake and the medication.
- D. You can take the medication as needed.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth prevents oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
Which of the following is the most frequent cause of weight loss and decrease of apetite:
- A. While using insulin medications
- B. While treated with acarbose
- C. While treated with metformin
- D. While treated with glibenclamid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin often causes weight loss and reduced appetite as a side effect due to its effects on metabolism and gastrointestinal function.
A nurse is teaching an adolescent client who has a new prescription for Clomipramine for OCD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to minimize an adverse effect of his medication?
- A. Wear sunglasses when outdoors.
- B. Check your temperature daily.
- C. Take this medication in the morning.
- D. Add extra calories to your die
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clomipramine can cause photosensitivity; sunglasses minimize this adverse effect.
Patients who are prescribed olanzapine (Zyprexa) should be monitored for:
- A. Insomnia
- B. Weight gain
- C. Hypertension
- D. Galactorrhea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Olanzapine commonly causes significant weight gain.