Nokea
Methanol causes blindness due to its
- A. Hypersensitivity reactions
- B. Conjugated products
- C. Idiosyncratic reaction
- D. Oxidative products
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Methanol's metabolite, formic acid (oxidative product), damages the optic nerve, causing blindness.
You may also like to solve these questions
The home health care nurse is visiting a client who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client is prescribed repaglinide (Prandin) and metformin (Glucophage) and asks the nurse to explain these medications. The nurse should reinforce which instructions to the client?(Select one that does not apply.).
- A. Diarrhea can occur secondary to the metformin.
- B. The repaglinide is not taken if a meal is skipped.
- C. The repaglinide is taken 30 minutes before eating.
- D. Candy or another simple sugar is carried and used to treat mild hyperglycemia episodes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Repaglinide is a rapid-acting oral hypoglycemic agent that stimulates pancreatic insulin secretion that should be taken before meals, and that should be withheld if the client does not eat. Hypoglycemia is a side effect of repaglinide and the client should always be prepared by carrying a simple sugar with her or him at all times. Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic given in combination with repaglinide and works by decreasing hepatic glucose production. A common side effect of metformin is diarrhea. Correct answers include: 1, 2, 3, 4.
The nurse caring for a patient who has tuberculosis and who is taking isoniazid, rifampin, and streptomycin reviews the medical record and notes the patient's sputum cultures reveal resistance to streptomycin. The nurse will anticipate that the provider will take which action?
- A. Add ethambutol (Myambutol)
- B. Change the streptomycin to clarithromycin
- C. Change the streptomycin to kanamycin
- D. Order renal function tests
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kanamycin replaces streptomycin in phase I resistance; ethambutol is for INH resistance, and clarithromycin is phase II. The patient's current regimen is first-phase treatment. If resistance to streptomycin develops, the provider can change to kanamycin or to ciprofloxacin.
A 3 year old child has been admitted to hospital with suspicion of an atropine overdose. Which of the following symptoms could have led to the arrival of the diagnosis?
- A. Abdominal cramps
- B. Increased gastric secretion
- C. Increased cardiac rate
- D. Papillary constriction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Atropine overdose causes tachycardia due to muscarinic blockade.
A nurse has received an order to administer two drugs at the same time of the day. The nurse should first:
- A. Wash her hands before handling the medications
- B. Consult a drug guide for compatibility
- C. Question the patient concerning drug allergies
- D. Identify the patient by checking the armband and asking the patient to state his or her name
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Consulting a drug guide for compatibility is critical to avoid adverse interactions when administering two drugs simultaneously. Hand washing, allergy checks, and patient identification are also essential but follow ensuring drug compatibility to prevent harm.
A nurse is teaching an adolescent client who has a new prescription for Clomipramine for OCD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to minimize an adverse effect of his medication?
- A. Wear sunglasses when outdoors.
- B. Check your temperature daily.
- C. Take this medication in the morning.
- D. Add extra calories to your die
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clomipramine can cause photosensitivity; sunglasses minimize this adverse effect.