Nokea
John has clonidine, a centrally acting adrenergic blocker, prescribed for his hypertension. He should:
- A. Not miss a dose or stop taking the drug because of potential rebound hypertension
- B. Increase fiber in the diet to treat any diarrhea that may occur
- C. Reduce fluid intake to less than 2 liters per day to prevent fluid retention
- D. Avoid sitting for long periods, as this can lead to deep vein thrombosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clonidine withdrawal can cause rebound hypertension, making adherence critical.
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A nurse is teaching an adolescent client who has a new prescription for Clomipramine for OCD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to minimize an adverse effect of his medication?
- A. Wear sunglasses when outdoors.
- B. Check your temperature daily.
- C. Take this medication in the morning.
- D. Add extra calories to your die
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clomipramine can cause photosensitivity; sunglasses minimize this adverse effect.
A nurse is preparing to administer tobramycin. Which lab value should be monitored closely?
- A. Liver function tests
- B. BUN and creatinine
- C. Complete blood count
- D. Electrolytes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tobramycin, an aminoglycoside, is nephrotoxic; BUN and creatinine monitor kidney function, critical for safe administration.
The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied:
- A. Immediately before swimming
- B. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
- C. Immediately before exposure to the sun
- D. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming or sweating.
Josefina is a 2-year-old child with acute otitis media and an upper respiratory infection. Along with an antibiotic she receives a recommendation to treat the ear pain with ibuprofen. What education would her parent need regarding ibuprofen?
- A. They can cut an adult ibuprofen tablet in half to give Josefina
- B. The ibuprofen dose can be doubled for severe pain
- C. Josefina needs to be well-hydrated while taking ibuprofen
- D. Ibuprofen is completely safe in children with no known adverse effects
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hydration reduces ibuprofen's renal risk in kids; cutting tablets or doubling is unsafe.
Adequate vitamin D is needed for:
- A. Absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract
- B. Regulation of serum calcium levels
- C. Regulation of serum phosphate levels
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin D facilitates calcium absorption, regulates serum calcium, and maintains phosphate levels.