Fetal Development Questions

Fetal Development Questions Related

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A 27-year-old patient presents with injuries sustained in a motor vehicle accident. She was wearing her seatbelt and has multiple bruises and scrapes along her abdomen. She complains of pain 3/10 in her abdomen. She is G1P0 and is at 14 weeks’ gestation. A bedside ultrasound scan confirms that the fetus is stable and not in any distress. The patient is Rh negative, and her husband is Rh positive. What do you anticipate being the next step?

  • A. Obtain a urinalysis.
  • B. Administer Rh(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM).
  • C. Confirm with the provider that she can be discharged home.
  • D. Schedule a follow-up ultrasound.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer Rh(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM). In this scenario, the patient is Rh negative and her husband is Rh positive, which puts her at risk for Rh isoimmunization. Administration of Rh(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) helps prevent the mother's immune system from developing antibodies against the Rh-positive fetus's blood, thereby protecting future pregnancies. This intervention is crucial in preventing hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Choice A: Obtaining a urinalysis is not indicated in this case as the patient's main concern is her abdominal pain and pregnancy status, not related to her urinalysis.

Choice C: Discharging the patient without administering Rh(D) immune globulin would be inappropriate as it puts future pregnancies at risk of complications due to Rh incompatibility.

Choice D: Scheduling a follow-up ultrasound is not the immediate next step. Administering Rh(D) immune globulin is the priority to

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A female patient with a history of infertility is scheduled to have a hysterosalpingogram. Which findings can be detected with this procedure? Select all that apply.

  • A. Tubal occlusions
  • B. Uterine fibroids
  • C. Cervical irritation
  • D. Bicornate uterus
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tubal occlusions. Hysterosalpingogram is a diagnostic imaging procedure used to evaluate the uterus and fallopian tubes. It can detect tubal occlusions by visualizing the flow of contrast dye through the fallopian tubes. Choice B, uterine fibroids, is incorrect as hysterosalpingogram does not specifically assess uterine fibroids. Choice C, cervical irritation, is also incorrect as this procedure focuses on the uterus and fallopian tubes, not the cervix. Choice D, bicornuate uterus, is incorrect as hysterosalpingogram primarily evaluates tubal patency and uterine cavity shape, not specific uterine anomalies like a bicornuate uterus.

You are observing for fetal heart rate (FHR) accelerations in a nonstress test (NST) for a woman who is 26 weeks pregnant. The average FHR baseline is 145 to 155 beats per minute (bpm). Within 20 minutes, the FHR accelerated to 165 bpm six times, for 10 to 15 seconds. How should you interpret this information?

  • A. Results are nonreassuring, and another 20 minutes of monitoring is needed.
  • B. Results are nonreassuring because of too few accelerations within the time period.
  • C. Results are reassuring because the FHR accelerated by 10 bpm for 10 seconds.
  • D. Results are reassuring because the fetus was inactive during the monitoring.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: FHR accelerations of at least 10 bpm for 10 seconds are considered reassuring.

What hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum after ovulation?

  • A. prolactin
  • B. progesterone
  • C. luteinizing hormone
  • D. follicle-stimulating hormone
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: progesterone. After ovulation, the ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone. Progesterone plays a crucial role in preparing the uterus for implantation and maintaining pregnancy. Prolactin (A) is a hormone mainly involved in milk production. Luteinizing hormone (C) triggers ovulation and the release of the egg from the ovary. Follicle-stimulating hormone (D) is responsible for stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles. The key is understanding the physiological processes post-ovulation and the role of progesterone in these processes.

A female patient is concerned about an inability to become pregnant after trying for 1 year. Which information collected during a health history causes the nurse the greatest amount of concern about possible infertility?

  • A. The patient works as a ballroom dance instructor.
  • B. The patient is turning 37 years old this year.
  • C. The patient has hot flashes and mood swings.
  • D. The patient was treated for a pelvic inflammatory disease while in college.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because hot flashes and mood swings can indicate hormonal imbalances, which are common causes of infertility. This symptom suggests potential issues with ovulation or other reproductive system functions. Choice A is irrelevant to infertility. Choice B, age alone does not indicate infertility. Choice D, a history of pelvic inflammatory disease can cause infertility, but symptoms indicating current hormonal imbalances are of more immediate concern.

The nurse caring for the laboring woman should know that meconium is produced by:

  • A. Fetal intestines.
  • B. Fetal kidneys.
  • C. Amniotic fluid.
  • D. The placenta.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: As the fetus nears term, fetal waste products accumulate in the intestines as dark green-to-black, tarry meconium.

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