Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions

Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions Related

Review Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions related questions and content

A 35-year-old female presents to your office for a regular check-up. Her only complaint is recurrent migraine headaches, which have increased in frequency over the years. On examination, her blood pressure is elevated at 150/70. You decide to start her on antihypertensive therapy that is also used for prophylaxis of migraines. Which medication is it?

  • A. Clonidine
  • B. Prazosin
  • C. Hydrochlorothiazide
  • D. Propranolol
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Propranolol. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that is commonly used for migraine prophylaxis. It helps reduce the frequency and severity of migraines by blocking the action of adrenaline on blood vessels in the brain. In this case, the patient has elevated blood pressure and migraines, so starting her on propranolol can address both issues effectively.

Choice A: Clonidine is an alpha-2 agonist used for hypertension, but it is not commonly used for migraine prophylaxis.

Choice B: Prazosin is an alpha-1 blocker primarily used for the treatment of hypertension, but it is not typically used for migraine prophylaxis.

Choice C: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic used for hypertension by reducing blood volume, but it is not effective for migraine prophylaxis.

In summary, propranolol is the most appropriate choice as it addresses both the elevated blood pressure and the recurrent

You may also like to solve these questions

A nurse is collecting data about the diet history of a client who has low blood sugar. Which of the following would be an important consideration in the diet history?

  • A. Consumption of health foods
  • B. Consumption of sea salt and kelp
  • C. Consumption of seafood
  • D. Consumption of carbohydrates
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: For clients with low blood sugar, it is important to assess their carbohydrate intake, as carbohydrates affect blood glucose levels.

Hyperglycemia, glucosuria, polyuria, and acidosis are:

  • A. most apt to be caused by a deficiency of insulin.
  • B. characteristic of diabetes insipidus.
  • C. the consequences of a hormone-secreting tumor of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans.
  • D. indicative of a deficiency of ADH.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice A being correct:
1. Hyperglycemia is high blood sugar due to insufficient insulin to regulate glucose levels.
2. Glucosuria is the presence of glucose in urine, indicating excess blood sugar not being reabsorbed.
3. Polyuria is increased urine production due to osmotic diuresis from excess glucose in the urine.
4. Acidosis results from the breakdown of fats in the absence of sufficient glucose utilization.
5. All these symptoms align with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, where insulin deficiency leads to these metabolic disturbances.

Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Diabetes insipidus is characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to inadequate ADH, not hyperglycemia.
C: Hormone-secreting tumor of beta cells would lead to hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia, not hyperglycemia.
D: ADH deficiency would result in dilute urine and electrolyte imbalances

Which of the following is the response to low plasma levels of calcium?

  • A. Secretion of calcitonin
  • B. Secretion of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans
  • C. Inhibition of the adenohypophyseal release of ACTH
  • D. Secretion of PTH
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Secretion of PTH. Low plasma levels of calcium trigger the parathyroid glands to release parathyroid hormone (PTH) to increase calcium levels. PTH acts on the bones to stimulate calcium release, on the kidneys to increase calcium reabsorption, and on the intestines to enhance absorption.

A: Secretion of calcitonin is incorrect because calcitonin is released in response to high calcium levels to lower them.
B: Secretion of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans is incorrect as these cells secrete insulin in response to high blood glucose levels.
C: Inhibition of the adenohypophyseal release of ACTH is incorrect as ACTH is related to stress response, not calcium regulation.

To aid digestion the stomach produces?

  • A. Alkali
  • B. Trypsin
  • C. Acid
  • D. Amylase
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Acid. The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to aid in digestion by creating an acidic environment that helps break down food and kill bacteria. Alkali (A) would not aid digestion as it neutralizes acids. Trypsin (B) and Amylase (D) are enzymes produced in the pancreas, not the stomach, and play a role in digesting proteins and carbohydrates, respectively. Thus, they are not the products of the stomach for aiding digestion.

In hyperthyroidism, which of the following lab findings would you expect?

  • A. Increased TSH, decreased T3, T4
  • B. Decreased TSH, increased T3, T4
  • C. Increased TSH, increased T3, T4
  • D. Decreased TSH, decreased T3, T4
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland produces an excess of thyroid hormones T3 and T4, leading to negative feedback on the pituitary gland, resulting in decreased TSH levels. Therefore, you would expect decreased TSH and increased T3, T4 levels. A is incorrect because TSH would be decreased, not increased. C is incorrect because TSH would be decreased in hyperthyroidism. D is incorrect because T3 and T4 would be increased in hyperthyroidism.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.