Nokea
Calcitonin is a hormone of which of following:
- A. Adrenal cortex.
- B. Thyroid gland.
- C. Pituitary gland.
- D. Thymus gland.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcitonin is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It helps regulate calcium levels in the body by inhibiting bone breakdown and lowering blood calcium levels. The thyroid gland is responsible for producing various hormones, including calcitonin. Adrenal cortex (A) produces hormones like cortisol, Pituitary gland (C) produces hormones like growth hormone, and Thymus gland (D) is involved in immune function, not hormone regulation. Therefore, the correct answer is B (Thyroid gland).
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Mrs. Crane, an insulin-dependent diabetic, is scheduled for general surgery. The nurse's preoperative teaching should place special emphasis on
- A. pain medications available postoperatively
- B. coughing and deep breathing
- C. early ambulation
- D. adjusting insulin requirements
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients undergoing surgery need adjusted insulin dosages to maintain stable blood glucose levels during the perioperative period.
Chief cells secrete:
- A. HCl
- B. pepsinogen
- C. intrinsic factor
- D. HCO3-
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chief cells in the gastric glands of the stomach secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen is an inactive precursor of pepsin, which is an enzyme responsible for breaking down proteins. This process aids in the digestion of proteins in the stomach. Chief cells do not secrete HCl (A), which is secreted by parietal cells. Intrinsic factor (C) is secreted by parietal cells and is essential for vitamin B12 absorption, not by chief cells. HCO3- (D) is secreted by the pancreas to neutralize stomach acid in the duodenum, not by chief cells in the stomach.
A nurse assesses a female client who presents with hirsutism. Which question would the nurse ask when assessing this client?
- A. How do you plan to pay for your treatments?
- B. How do you feel about yourself?
- C. What medications are you prescribed?
- D. What are you doing to prevent this from happening?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: How do you feel about yourself? This question is important because hirsutism, excessive hair growth in women, can have significant psychological implications affecting self-esteem and body image. By asking how the client feels about herself, the nurse can address emotional and mental health concerns related to hirsutism.
A: How do you plan to pay for your treatments? This question is not directly related to the client's emotional well-being and does not address the psychological impact of hirsutism.
C: What medications are you prescribed? This question focuses on the medical management of hirsutism but does not address the client's emotional response to the condition.
D: What are you doing to prevent this from happening? This question is more about preventive measures for hirsutism rather than addressing the client's feelings and self-perception.
Growth hormone:
- A. is secreted by the adenohypophysis.
- B. stimulates growth of the musculoskeletal system.
- C. is also called somatotropic hormone.
- D. all is applicable.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is D because growth hormone is indeed secreted by the adenohypophysis, it stimulates growth of the musculoskeletal system, and it is also known as somatotropic hormone. All the statements in choices A, B, and C are true regarding growth hormone, making option D the correct choice. The other choices are incorrect because they do not encompass all the functions and characteristics of growth hormone as described in the question.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates the ___ to produce and release its hormones.
- A. anterior pituitary
- B. adrenal medulla
- C. kidneys
- D. adrenal cortex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: adrenal cortex. ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce and release its hormones, including cortisol. The anterior pituitary produces ACTH, but it does not release hormones itself. The adrenal medulla is primarily stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system, not ACTH. The kidneys are not directly stimulated by ACTH to produce and release hormones. Therefore, the adrenal cortex is the correct choice as it directly responds to ACTH stimulation.