Nokea
A 36-year-old female patient presents to the reproductive medicine clinic for a follow-up appointment. Laboratory results indicate diminished ovarian reserve, and her partner's semen analysis is normal. Which infertility options may be appropriate for this client?
- A. Donor oocytes
- B. Ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate
- C. Follitropin injections to stimulate ovarian follicles
- D. In-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Donor oocytes. Diminished ovarian reserve implies reduced quantity and quality of eggs, making natural conception challenging. Donor oocytes offer a viable option for achieving pregnancy.
B: Ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate may not be effective if ovarian reserve is significantly diminished.
C: Follitropin injections stimulate the patient's own ovarian follicles, which may not be successful if ovarian reserve is low.
D: In-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer require viable eggs from the patient, which may be limited in cases of diminished ovarian reserve.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the role of hCG in early pregnancy tests?
- A. hCG stimulates ovulation during the menstrual cycle.
- B. hCG levels rise after implantation, confirming pregnancy.
- C. hCG reduces the risk of miscarriage during early pregnancy.
- D. hCG suppresses the menstrual cycle during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) levels rise after implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterus, confirming pregnancy. This hormone is produced by the developing placenta and is the key marker used in early pregnancy tests to detect pregnancy.
A is incorrect because hCG does not stimulate ovulation; rather, it is produced after ovulation to support pregnancy.
C is incorrect because while hCG plays a role in supporting pregnancy, it does not directly reduce the risk of miscarriage.
D is incorrect because hCG does not suppress the menstrual cycle; it is actually produced during pregnancy and is essential for maintaining the pregnancy.
A patient undergoing IUI asks why sperm washing is performed. What is the nurse's explanation?
- A. It concentrates healthy sperm to increase fertilization potential.
- B. It ensures sperm are only viable for IVF procedures.
- C. It reduces the chances of genetic abnormalities in offspring.
- D. It prevents ovulation from occurring too early in the cycle.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because sperm washing in IUI concentrates healthy sperm, removing debris and non-motile sperm, increasing the chance of fertilization. Choice B is incorrect as sperm washing is not specifically for IVF. Choice C is incorrect, as genetic abnormalities are not directly related to sperm washing. Choice D is incorrect, as sperm washing does not affect ovulation timing.
A couple that has been attempting to become pregnant for 5 years is seeking assistance from an infertility clinic. The nurse assesses the clients' emotional responses to their infertility. Which of the following responses would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.
- A. Anger at others who have babies.
- B. Feelings of failure because they can't make a baby.
- C. Sexual excitement because they want so desperately to conceive a baby.
- D. Sadness because of the perceived loss of being a parent.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Common emotional responses to infertility include anger, feelings of failure, and sadness.
What is the role of a saline sonohysterogram in evaluating infertility?
- A. To visualize the uterine cavity and detect abnormalities.
- B. To measure hormone levels in the bloodstream.
- C. To assess ovarian reserve directly.
- D. To monitor embryo development after IVF.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a saline sonohysterogram is specifically used to visualize the uterine cavity and detect abnormalities such as polyps, fibroids, or adhesions that may be causing infertility. It helps identify structural issues that may interfere with implantation or pregnancy.
Choice B is incorrect because a saline sonohysterogram does not measure hormone levels in the bloodstream. Choice C is also incorrect as it does not directly assess ovarian reserve, which is typically evaluated through blood tests like AMH and FSH levels. Choice D is incorrect as a saline sonohysterogram is not used to monitor embryo development after IVF, but rather to assess the uterine cavity before the procedure.
A nurse is discussing fertility preservation options with a patient undergoing cancer treatment. What should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Cryopreservation of eggs or embryos is an effective option before starting treatment.
- B. Fertility preservation is only possible after cancer treatment is completed.
- C. Fertility preservation guarantees future pregnancy success.
- D. Only sperm banking is available as a preservation method.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cryopreservation of eggs or embryos is an effective option before starting treatment. This is because fertility preservation should ideally be done before cancer treatment to maximize the chances of success. Freezing eggs or embryos before treatment can help preserve fertility potential.
B: Fertility preservation after cancer treatment may not be as successful due to the potential damage caused by the treatment.
C: Fertility preservation does not guarantee future pregnancy success as it depends on various factors including the patient's age and overall health.
D: Sperm banking is not the only available preservation method. Egg or embryo cryopreservation is also an option for female patients.