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A 7-year-old boy exhibits separation anxiety, temper issues, and withdrawal from activities after his parents' divorce. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- B. Conduct disorder
- C. Major depressive disorder
- D. Separation anxiety disorder
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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During a funduscopic examination of a school-age child, the nurse notes a brilliant, uniform red reflex in both eyes. How should the nurse interpret this finding?
- A. Normal finding
- B. Abnormal finding, so child needs referral to ophthalmologist
- C. Sign of possible visual defect, so child needs vision screening
- D. Sign of small hemorrhages, which will usually resolve spontaneously
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A brilliant, uniform red reflex during a funduscopic examination is considered a normal finding. The red reflex is caused by the reflection of light off the retina, specifically the blood vessels in the retina. A uniform red reflex indicates that the light is reflecting evenly from both eyes, suggesting symmetrical and clear lenses and corneas. This finding is typically seen in healthy individuals and is a reassuring sign of normal eye health.
Two weeks after a viral syndrome, a 9-year-old girl presents to your clinic with a complaint of several days of drooping of her mouth. In addition to the drooping of the left side of her mouth, you note that she is unable to completely shut her left eye. Her smile is asymmetric, but her examination is otherwise normal. This girl likely has:
- A. Guillain-Barré syndrome
- B. Botulism
- C. Cerebral vascular accident
- D. Brainstem tumor
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Aisa is to receive a liquid iron preparation. Which of the following directions would be appropriate for the nurse to teach Aisa's mother? a.Administer this at least an hour before meals
- A. Explain that loose stools are common with iron
- B. Have Aisa take the diluted iron preparation through a straw
- C. Avoid giving Aisa orange or other citric juices with the iron preparation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoid giving Aisa orange or other citric juices with the iron preparation. Citric juices, such as orange juice, can decrease the absorption of iron in the body. Therefore, it is important to avoid giving these juices when administering the liquid iron preparation to Aisa to ensure optimal absorption of the iron. It would be best to encourage the use of non-citric juices or water when administering the iron preparation to Aisa.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend the blood lead level that may cause learning problems is
- A. 1 to 5¼g/dL
- B. 5 to 10 μg/dL
- C. 10 to 15¼g/dL
- D. 15 to 20¼g/dL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
How do models of practice help therapists engage in sound therapeutic reasoning?
- A. They provide structure to guide thinking
- B. They address theory but not practice
- C. They predict the outcome of intervention
- D. They examine physical characteristics of the child
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Models of practice help therapists engage in sound therapeutic reasoning by providing a structured framework to guide their thinking process. These models offer a systematic approach that assists therapists in organizing their thoughts and decision-making processes during therapy sessions. By following a specific model, therapists can ensure they consider all relevant factors and make informed therapeutic choices, leading to effective interventions and better outcomes for their clients.