Nokea
A client is scheduled to have open-heart surgery but has not been informed about potential complications. Which ethical concept has been ignored?
- A. Beneficence
- B. Autonomy
- C. Justice
- D. Informed consent
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Informed consent ensures clients understand the risks and benefits of procedures before agreeing to them.
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How old is a preschooler with a receptive vocabulary of up to 5600 words?
- A. 42 months old
- B. 48 months old
- C. 54 months old
- D. 60 months old
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: By 48 months, most preschoolers have receptive vocabularies of up to 5600 words.
A nurse is examining the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of colon cancer in the community. Which of the following measures of life is being investigated?
- A. Quality adjusted life year (QALY)
- B. Quantity of life
- C. Disability adjusted life year (DALY)
- D. Satisfaction of life
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Quantity of life measures are based on incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates, assessing the impact of diseases on life expectancy.
An 18-month-old toddler is being seen for a well-child visit. Which of the following strategies would the nurse use to enlist the toddler’s cooperation?
- A. Ask the toddler if he wants to be examined today.
- B. Ask his mother leave the room while the nurse examines him.
- C. Have him hold the stethoscope diaphragm on his chest while the nurse listens to his chest.
- D. Have his mother hold him down while the nurse examines him.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Toddlers are more cooperative when they can actively participate, like holding the stethoscope.
Which of the following actions should parents take to help their teenager meet his developmental task?
- A. Set strict rules to prevent the teenager from getting into any trouble.
- B. Maintain an ongoing dialogue about important issues and upcoming challenges.
- C. Maintain a friendship with the teenager, so he views parents as peers.
- D. Be very lenient with the teenager so that he can figure out who he is as a person.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ongoing dialogue about challenges and listening to teenagers supports their development of a healthy identity.
An Asian American family has recently immigrated to the United States. Which of the following would provide an appropriate rationale when encouraging the family to send their child to school?
- A. The child will get a good education.
- B. According to law, all children must go to school.
- C. The child can get health care at school.
- D. Exposure to different cultures in school will enhance socialization.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exposure to diverse cultures enhances socialization and helps the child adjust to a new environment.