LPN Pharmacology Practice Questions

LPN Pharmacology Practice Questions Related

Review LPN Pharmacology Practice Questions related questions and content

A client reports chest pain that is unrelieved by three doses of nitroglycerin taken 5 minutes apart. What is the nurse's next best action?

  • A. Administer another dose of nitroglycerin.
  • B. Call the healthcare provider immediately.
  • C. Provide oxygen via nasal cannula.
  • D. Place the client in a supine position.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the scenario described, the client's chest pain persists despite three doses of nitroglycerin, indicating a potentially severe cardiac issue like a myocardial infarction. The priority for the nurse in this situation is to involve the healthcare provider promptly. Calling the healthcare provider immediately is essential to ensure timely evaluation and appropriate intervention for the client. Administering more nitroglycerin without further assessment or instructions may not be safe and could delay necessary treatments. Providing oxygen or changing the client's position may offer some comfort but does not address the underlying potentially life-threatening condition, making these options less appropriate as the immediate next best action.

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A client with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should monitor the client for which sign of digoxin toxicity?

  • A. Hypertension
  • B. Bradycardia
  • C. Hyperglycemia
  • D. Insomnia
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bradycardia is a common sign of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin can cause bradycardia due to its effects on the heart's electrical conduction system. The nurse should closely monitor the client's heart rate for any signs of slowing down, as it can indicate toxicity and potentially lead to serious complications. Hypertension, hyperglycemia, and insomnia are not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. Hypertension is more commonly associated with other conditions or medications, hyperglycemia can be seen in conditions like diabetes or certain medications, and insomnia is not a typical sign of digoxin toxicity.

Michael calls the clinic to ask about taking fish oil supplements with his simvastatin prescription. The NP's response is:

  • A. Avoid fish oil as it will increase your risk of bleeding.
  • B. There are no known interactions; it is safe to take fish oil with simvastatin.
  • C. Avoid fish oil as it will decrease the effectiveness of the simvastatin.
  • D. Fish oil should only be taken with simvastatin if prescribed by your cardiologist.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is correct because fish oil (omega-3s) and simvastatin both lower triglycerides with no significant interactions; studies show they're safe together, enhancing lipid benefits. Choice A is incorrect as fish oil's bleeding risk is minimal and not amplified by simvastatin. Choice C is wrong because fish oil doesn't reduce simvastatin's efficacy—they're complementary. Choice D is incorrect since no prescription is needed for this safe combination.

The NP chooses to give cephalexin every 8 hours based on knowledge of the drug's:

  • A. Propensity to go to the target receptor
  • B. Biological half-life
  • C. Pharmacodynamics
  • D. Safety and side effects
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is correct because dosing cephalexin every 8 hours aligns with its biological half-life, the time it takes for half the drug to be eliminated, ensuring steady therapeutic levels. Choice A is incorrect as ‘propensity to target receptor' isn't a standard pharmacokinetic term for dosing decisions. Choice C is wrong because pharmacodynamics (drug effects) informs efficacy, not timing. Choice D is incorrect since safety and side effects influence drug choice, not specifically the 8-hour interval.

The parent of a 3-year-old is concerned that the child's legs are not straight. The primary care NP notes marked bowing of the child's lower extremities. Radiologic studies show decreased ossification of the child's bones. The NP should:

  • A. prescribe vitamin D supplements.
  • B. recommend calcium supplements.
  • C. counsel the parent to increase the child's milk intake.
  • D. ensure that the parent is buying vitamin D-fortified milk.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because vitamin D deficiency causes rickets, leading to bowing legs, corrected with supplements. Choice B is incorrect (calcium needs vitamin D). Choice C is wrong (milk alone insufficient). Choice D is inaccurate (fortified milk not enough).

Drugs that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism may:

  • A. Induce the metabolism of another drug
  • B. Inhibit the metabolism of another drug
  • C. Both 1 and 2
  • D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Choice C is correct because CYP 3A4 drugs can induce (speed up) or inhibit (slow down) metabolism of other drugs sharing this pathway, affecting their levels and efficacy. Choice A is incorrect as it's only half the story—induction happens, but inhibition does too. Choice B is wrong because it misses induction potential. Choice D is incorrect since both effects are well-documented with CYP 3A4.

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