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A couple undergoing fertility treatments asks about the impact of age on success rates. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Success rates remain constant regardless of age.
- B. Younger age is associated with higher success rates for most treatments.
- C. Male age does not impact fertility treatment outcomes.
- D. Age only matters if the woman is over 50.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because younger age is generally associated with higher success rates in fertility treatments due to factors like better egg quality and ovarian reserve. Older women may have lower success rates due to decreased egg quality and quantity. Choice A is incorrect as success rates do vary with age. Choice C is incorrect because male age can impact fertility treatment outcomes. Choice D is incorrect as age can impact fertility treatment outcomes for women younger than 50 as well.
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During a consultation, a patient asks about the role of antioxidants in fertility. What should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Antioxidants only benefit male fertility by improving sperm motility.
- B. Antioxidants help reduce oxidative stress, improving egg and sperm quality.
- C. Antioxidants guarantee successful fertilization and implantation.
- D. Antioxidants are not relevant to reproductive health.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because antioxidants can help reduce oxidative stress, which is beneficial for both egg and sperm quality in fertility. Antioxidants neutralize harmful free radicals, protecting reproductive cells from damage. Choice A is incorrect because antioxidants benefit both male and female fertility. Choice C is incorrect as antioxidants do not guarantee successful fertilization and implantation, but they can support the process. Choice D is incorrect as antioxidants do play a role in reproductive health by improving fertility outcomes.
A woman undergoing evaluation of infertility states, "At least when we're through with all of these tests, we will know what is wrong." The nurse's best response is
- A. "I know the test will identify what is wrong."
- B. "I'm sure that once you finish these tests, your problem will be resolved."
- C. "Even with diagnostic testing, infertility remains unexplained in about 20% of couples."
- D. "Once you've identified your problem, you may want to look at the option of adoption."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it acknowledges the uncertainty in diagnosing infertility, which can remain unexplained in about 20% of couples even after testing. This response is the best because it provides realistic information without giving false hope or making assumptions.
Choice A is incorrect because it asserts that the tests will definitely identify the problem, which is not always the case. Choice B is incorrect as it assumes the problem will be resolved after testing, which may not be true. Choice D is incorrect as it jumps to the conclusion of adoption without addressing the uncertainty of infertility testing.
How does lifestyle modification improve fertility in women?
- A. It guarantees successful conception within one cycle.
- B. Maintaining a healthy weight and reducing stress improve hormonal balance and ovulation.
- C. Eliminating all carbohydrates enhances egg quality.
- D. Exercise has no role in supporting fertility.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because maintaining a healthy weight and reducing stress can improve hormonal balance and ovulation, leading to increased fertility. Healthy lifestyle choices positively impact reproductive health by regulating menstrual cycles and promoting optimal conditions for conception. Eliminating all carbohydrates (choice C) is not necessary and can be harmful as the body needs a balanced diet. Exercise (choice D) plays a crucial role in supporting fertility by promoting overall health and reducing stress, contrary to the statement that exercise has no role in fertility. Choice A is incorrect as successful conception is not guaranteed within one cycle with lifestyle modifications.
A woman telephones the prenatal clinic and reports that her water just broke. Which suggestion by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Call us back when you start having contractions.
- B. Come to the clinic or emergency department for an evaluation.
- C. Drink 3 to 4 glasses of water and lie down.
- D. Come in as soon as you feel the urge to push.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a woman's water breaks, there is an increased risk of infection and cord prolapse, making it important for the woman to seek evaluation at the clinic or emergency department. Waiting for contractions to start, drinking water and lying down, and waiting to come in only when feeling the urge to push are not appropriate responses in this situation.
A 3-month-old baby has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF). The mother says, 'How could this happen? I had an amniocentesis during my pregnancy and everything was supposed to be normal!' What must the nurse understand about this situation?
- A. Cystic fibrosis cannot be diagnosed by amniocentesis.
- B. The baby may have an uncommon genetic variant of the disease.
- C. It is possible that the laboratory technician made an error.
- D. Instead of obtaining fetal cells the doctor probably harvested maternal cells.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Uncommon genetic variants of CF may not be detected by standard testing.