Nokea
A dermatome is
- A. ?
- B. separated from a discontinuous dermatome by an axial line
- C. ?
- D. ?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dermatomes are regions of skin supplied by sensory fibers from a single spinal nerve. Axial lines separate dermatomes that are supplied by discontinuous spinal nerves.
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Regarding the cranial nerves
- A. The trigeminal nerve is purely sensory
- B. The abducens nerve traverses the foramen lacerum
- C. The trochlear nerve supplies the superior oblique muscle only
- D. The hypoglossal nerve exits the skull through the foramen magnum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The trochlear nerve (IV) innervates only the superior oblique muscle, which depresses and abducts the eye. It is the only cranial nerve that exits dorsally from the brainstem.
Dysphasia suggests the impairment of:
- A. speech
- B. gait
- C. swallowing
- D. movement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Speech is the correct answer because dysphasia refers to a language disorder that affects the ability to produce or comprehend spoken or written language. It is typically caused by damage to the language centers of the brain, such as Broca's or Wernicke's areas, and results in difficulties with communication.
The two parts of the nervous system are the:
- A. Motor and sensory.
- B. Central and peripheral.
- C. Peripheral and autonomic.
- D. Hypothalamus and cerebral.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Central and peripheral. The nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all nerves outside the CNS. This division is essential for understanding the organization and functions of the nervous system. Choice A is incorrect because motor and sensory are functions, not divisions of the nervous system. Choice C is incorrect because the autonomic nervous system is a component of the PNS, not a separate part. Choice D is incorrect because the hypothalamus and cerebral are specific structures within the CNS, not the divisions of the nervous system.
The brain and spinal cord are the organs of the ________ .
- A. CNS
- B. PNS
- C. ANS
- D. CSF
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The brain and spinal cord are the primary organs of the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS is responsible for processing and integrating information received from the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a division of the PNS, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a protective fluid surrounding the CNS. Therefore, CNS is the correct answer as it directly refers to the brain and spinal cord.
What is going to happen to a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS)?
- A. You will have either periods of attacks and remissions or progression of nerve damage over time.
- B. You need to plan for a continuous loss of movement
- C. sensory functions
- D. and mental capabilities.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: MS can follow relapsing-remitting or progressive courses