Nokea
A drug ending in the suffix (pril) is considered a ______.
- A. H
- B. ACE inhibitor
- C. Antifungal
- D. Beta agonist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: ACE inhibitor. Drugs ending in the suffix (-pril) typically refer to ACE inhibitors, which are commonly used to treat hypertension and heart failure by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme. ACE inhibitors do not belong to the categories mentioned in the other choices. Choice A (H) is vague and does not provide any relevant information. Choice C (Antifungal) is incorrect as drugs ending in (-pril) are not typically used to treat fungal infections. Choice D (Beta agonist) is also incorrect as drugs ending in (-pril) do not belong to the class of beta agonists, which are used to treat conditions like asthma and COPD.
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Which of the following conditions are not treated with opioid analgesics like dextromethorphan and methadone?
- A. Pulmonary Edema
- B. Cough suppression
- C. Sedation
- D. Pain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sedation. Opioid analgesics like dextromethorphan and methadone are primarily used for pain management, not sedation. They work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain to reduce pain perception. Pulmonary edema can be managed with diuretics, cough suppression with antitussives, and sedation with sedatives/hypnotics. Therefore, sedation is not a condition typically treated with opioid analgesics.
Which of the following is the antidote for lead poisoning?
- A. Naloxone
- B. Nitrite
- C. CaEDTA
- D. Dialysis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: CaEDTA. Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaEDTA) is a chelating agent used to treat lead poisoning by binding to lead ions in the bloodstream and enhancing their excretion through urine. It forms stable complexes with lead, reducing its toxicity. Naloxone (A) is an opioid receptor antagonist, used to reverse opioid overdose. Nitrite (B) is used in cyanide poisoning. Dialysis (D) is not effective in removing lead from the body as lead is not effectively dialyzable.
Which of the following drugs is associated with extreme photosensitivity as a reaction?
- A. Digitalis
- B. Niacin
- C. Tetracycline
- D. Fluoroquinolones
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tetracycline. Tetracycline is associated with extreme photosensitivity due to its mechanism of action causing phototoxic reactions when exposed to sunlight. Digitalis (A) is a cardiac medication, niacin (B) is a B vitamin, and fluoroquinolones (D) are antibiotics, none of which are known to cause extreme photosensitivity reactions.
A healthcare provider is assessing a client who is taking levothyroxine. The healthcare provider should recognize that which of the following findings is a manifestation of levothyroxine overdose?
- A. Insomnia
- B. Constipation
- C. Drowsiness
- D. Hypoactive deep-tendon reflexes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Insomnia. Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement medication used to treat hypothyroidism. An overdose of levothyroxine can lead to hyperthyroidism symptoms, such as insomnia. This occurs due to an excess of thyroid hormone in the body, which can increase metabolism and disrupt sleep patterns. The other choices (B: Constipation, C: Drowsiness, D: Hypoactive deep-tendon reflexes) are not typical manifestations of a levothyroxine overdose. Constipation and drowsiness are more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, the condition being treated with levothyroxine. Hypoactive deep-tendon reflexes are not a typical symptom of either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
Which of the following conditions is not treated with Nifedipine?
- A. Angina
- B. Arrhythmias
- C. Hypertension
- D. Fluid retention
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker primarily used to treat angina, arrhythmias, and hypertension due to its vasodilatory effect. However, it does not treat fluid retention as it does not have diuretic properties. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choice A, B, and C are incorrect because nifedipine is commonly used to manage these conditions.