Microbiology Chapter 14 Test Bank

Microbiology Chapter 14 Test Bank Related

Review Microbiology Chapter 14 Test Bank related questions and content

A duodenal content smear of a patient with indigestion contains protozoa 10-18 mcm large. They have piriform bodies, 4 pairs of filaments, two symmetrically located nuclei in the broadened part of body. What kind of the lowest organisms is it?

  • A. Lamblia
  • B. Dysentery ameba
  • C. Trichomonas
  • D. Intestinal ameba
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lamblia. The description matches the characteristics of Giardia lamblia - a protozoan parasite that causes giardiasis. The piriform bodies, 4 pairs of filaments, and two symmetrically located nuclei are specific to Giardia lamblia. It is important to differentiate it from the other choices. Dysentery ameba (choice B) typically has a single nucleus and lacks the specific characteristics described. Trichomonas (choice C) is a flagellated protozoan with different morphology and does not match the given description. Intestinal ameba (choice D) such as Entamoeba histolytica usually has a single nucleus and different body shape compared to the described organism.

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Which of these viruses is a laboratory product?

  • A. Monkeypox
  • B. Variola
  • C. Vaccinia
  • D. Cowpox
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale:
1. Vaccinia is a laboratory product used in smallpox vaccination.
2. Variola is the virus that causes smallpox, not a laboratory product.
3. Monkeypox is a naturally occurring virus, not a laboratory product.
4. Cowpox can be found in nature and is used in vaccine production, but it is not a laboratory product like Vaccinia.

On examination of a patient with disease onset 5 days ago the doctor suspected tularemia and prescribed the patient tularin intracutaneously. What is the purpose of this drug administration in the patient?

  • A. Allergy diagnostics
  • B. Prognosis for the disease
  • C. Treatment
  • D. Treatment evaluation
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Treatment. Tularin is a specific immunizing agent used for the treatment of tularemia. The purpose of tularin administration in this patient is to provide a targeted treatment against the suspected tularemia infection. It helps the patient's immune system to recognize and fight against the bacteria causing the disease.

Explanation for other choices:
A: Allergy diagnostics - Tularin is not used for allergy diagnostics, as it is specifically indicated for tularemia treatment.
B: Prognosis for the disease - Tularin is not used to predict the outcome of the disease but rather to treat the infection.
D: Treatment evaluation - Tularin is not used for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment but for actively treating the tularemia infection.

Agents associated with human disease but generally not a serious health risk are classified in which of the following risk groups?

  • A. RG1
  • B. RG2
  • C. RG3
  • D. RG4
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: RG2. RG2 is appropriate for agents associated with human disease that pose a moderate health risk. These agents may cause disease of varying severity, but generally do not result in serious health consequences. Other choices are incorrect because: A: RG1 is for agents not associated with disease in healthy adults, C: RG3 is for agents associated with serious or lethal human disease, and D: RG4 is for agents that pose a high risk of life-threatening disease and for which there are no treatments.

Agglutination reaction is one of the following

  • A. Ascoli ring test
  • B. Western blot
  • C. ELISA
  • D. Reaction type Gruber
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ascoli ring test. Agglutination reaction in the Ascoli ring test is characterized by the formation of a visible ring at the interface of antigen and antibody. This reaction specifically tests for the presence of specific antibodies against antigens in serum, indicating a recent or current infection. The other options, Western blot, ELISA, and Reaction type Gruber, do not involve the agglutination reaction. Western blot and ELISA are immunoassay techniques that detect specific antibodies or antigens, while Reaction type Gruber is not a recognized method in immunology. Therefore, the Ascoli ring test is the correct choice for a test involving agglutination reaction.

A patient with fever and diarrhea had a stool sample that revealed Gram-negative rods that fermented lactose. What is the most likely causative agent?

  • A. Escherichia coli
  • B. Salmonella typhi
  • C. Shigella dysenteriae
  • D. Proteus vulgaris
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Escherichia coli. E. coli is a Gram-negative rod that ferments lactose. It is a common cause of gastroenteritis presenting with fever and diarrhea. Salmonella typhi does not ferment lactose and causes typhoid fever. Shigella dysenteriae causes dysentery and does not ferment lactose. Proteus vulgaris does not typically cause gastroenteritis and is not known for lactose fermentation.

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