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A family expresses helplessness related to dealing with a mentally ill members odd behaviors, mood swings, and argumentativeness. An effective nursing intervention for this family would be to:
- A. express sympathy for their situation.
- B. involve local social service agencies.
- C. explain symptoms of relapse.
- D. role-play difficult situations.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Helping a family learn to set limits and deal with difficult behaviors can often be accomplished by using roleplaying situations, which give family members the opportunity to try new, more effective approaches. The other options would not provide learning opportunities.
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Sucking and biting shows the stage.
- A. Anal
- B. Oral
- C. Genital
- D. Latency
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The oral stage (birth to 1 year) in Freud's theory involves sucking and biting as key activities.
A patient diagnosed with metastatic brain cancer says, I'm dying, but I'm still living. I want to be in control as long as I can. Which reply shows the nurse was actively listening?
- A. Our staff will do their best to help you feel comfortable.
- B. Most people do not know how to help and are afraid of death.
- C. Your mind and spirit are healthy, although your body is frail.
- D. You want people to stop focusing on your weaknesses.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient is asking for acknowledgment that he or she is not totally sick; even in the terminal state, strengths and capabilities are present. The correct response provides that acknowledgment through use of reflection. The other responses are nontherapeutic.
You are working as a National Board for Certification of Hospice and Palliative Nurses certified hospice and palliative care nurse who is caring for your clients in their home. Which of the following nursing diagnoses or client goal would be the most likely appropriate and expected for the vast majority of these clients?
- A. The client will accept impending death
- B. Guilt related to past transgressions
- C. Spiritual distress related to guilt
- D. Pain related to end of life symptoms
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acceptance of death (A) is a common goal in hospice care.
---theory developed by George Homans, suggests that groups develop based on activities, interactions, and sentiments:
- A. Classic
- B. Social identity
- C. Social exchange
- D. Operant
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Social exchange theory (Homans) ties group development to cost-benefit interactions.
In the WHO publication Promoting Mental Health: Concepts, Evidence, and Practice, a positive description of mental health is given. What of the following is in the description?
- A. The individual is resilient.
- B. The individual realizes his or her own abilities.
- C. The individual meditates to cope with normal stresses of life.
- D. The individual looks after his family.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The WHO describes positive mental health as a state where individuals realize their own abilities, can cope with normal stresses, work productively, and contribute to their community. Option B directly aligns with this definition.