Nokea
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about fungal infections. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a superficial fungal infection?
- A. Aspergillosis
- B. Cryptococcal meningitis
- C. Thrush
- D. Malaria
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thrush is also oral candidiasis, a superficial fungal infection of the oral mucosa. Aspergillosis and cryptococcal meningitis are systemic fungal infections. Malaria is a protozoal infection.
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After teaching a group of nursing students about amphotericin B, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as true?
- A. The drug is light sensitive.
- B. It can be administered via IM injection.
- C. The drug can cause renal damage.
- D. Amphotericin B is administered in the outpatient setting.
- E. The drug should be used within 8 hours.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Amphotericin B is given only under close supervision in the hospital setting, can cause renal damage, is given IV usually over a period of 6 hours, and should be protected from light and used within 8 hours of reconstitution.
A patient is receiving chloroquine. The nurse would instruct the client to do which of the following?
- A. Avoid foods that acidify the urine.
- B. Take the drug on an empty stomach.
- C. Increase dosage if dosage missed once.
- D. Discontinue drug if color of urine changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should educate the patient to avoid foods that acidify the urine (cranberries, plums, prunes, meats, cheeses, eggs, fish, and grains), as they may interact with the antimalarial drug and increase excretion and thereby decrease the effectiveness of chloroquine while taking the drug. Taking the drug on an empty stomach is not advisable for antimalarial drugs. The nurse should instruct the patient to adhere to the dosage regimen unless instructed otherwise. Yellow or brownish discoloration of the urine during chloroquine treatment is normal; there is no need to discontinue the therapy.
After teaching a group of nursing students about antiprotozoal drugs, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which of the following as an indication for use?
- A. Toxoplasmosis
- B. Malaria
- C. Giardiasis
- D. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
- E. Trichomoniasis
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Antiprotozoal drugs are used in the treatment of malaria, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis, intestinal amebiasis, trichomoniasis, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
Foods that acidify the urine may interact with chloroquine and increase the drug's excretion, thereby decreasing its effectiveness in the treatment of malaria. The nurse should counsel the client to avoid which of the following foods during treatment with chloroquine?
- A. Plums
- B. Oranges
- C. Fish
- D. Eggs
- E. Cranberries
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The nurse should counsel the client to avoid cranberries, plums, prunes, meats, cheeses, eggs, fish, and grains.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about helminthes. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which of the following as a helminth?
- A. Roundworms
- B. Pinworms
- C. Ringworms
- D. Hookworms
- E. Tapeworms
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Roundworms, pinworms, hookworms, and tapeworms are examples of helminths. Ringworm is a fungal infection.