Nokea
A high blood concentration of estrogens:
- A. Stimulates endometrial glands to secrete
- B. Stimulates epithelial cells of the endometrium to proliferate
- C. Stimulates FSH secretion by the anterior pituitary
- D. Causes development of the corpus luteum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High levels of estrogen stimulate the proliferation of epithelial cells in the endometrium.
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Which treatment option minimizes the development of lymphedema in the surgical management of a patient with breast cancer?
- A. Radical mastectomy procedure
- B. Radiation therapy
- C. Sentinel lymph node mapping
- D. Ultrasound
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sentinel lymph node mapping. This procedure helps identify and remove only the lymph nodes most likely to contain cancer cells, reducing the risk of lymphedema. A: Radical mastectomy is an extensive surgery that may increase the risk of lymphedema. B: Radiation therapy can also contribute to lymphedema. D: Ultrasound is not a treatment option for minimizing lymphedema in breast cancer surgery. Therefore, C is the best choice for minimizing the development of lymphedema.
A postpartum patient who has had a vaginal birth asks the nurse, I was wondering if my cervix will return to its previous shape before I had the baby? Which is the best response by the nurse?
- A. The cervix will now have a slit-like shap
- C. The cervix will be round and smooth after healing occurs.
- D. The cervix will remain 50% effaced now that you have had a baby.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The cervix will now have a slit-like shape. After giving birth, the cervix undergoes changes in shape and size to adapt to the delivery process. It becomes slit-like instead of round to allow for easier dilation in future pregnancies. This response is correct as it addresses the anatomical changes that occur postpartum.
Choice B is incorrect because it does not provide an explanation of the postpartum cervix shape changes.
Choice C is incorrect because it describes the cervix in a way that does not reflect the usual postpartum changes.
Choice D is incorrect because it refers to effacement, which is the thinning of the cervix during labor and not a permanent change postpartum.
The myometrium of the uterus responds to which hormone?
- A. Prostaglandins and oxytocin
- B. Progesterone and estrogen
- C. Oxytocin, relaxin, and prostaglandin E
- D. Progesterone and testosterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prostaglandins and oxytocin. Prostaglandins and oxytocin are the primary hormones that stimulate contractions in the myometrium of the uterus during labor. Progesterone and estrogen (choice B) are involved in the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy, not in uterine contractions. Oxytocin, relaxin, and prostaglandin E (choice C) have roles in labor but are not the primary hormones that directly act on the myometrium. Progesterone and testosterone (choice D) do not directly influence uterine contractions.
Choose the girl who is most likely to have secondary amenorrhea.
- A. Amanda, 15 years old, who is trying out for the school track team for girls
- B. Brittney, 17 years old, who is preparing for a national gymnastic tournament
- C. Chloe, 16 years old, who controls type 1 diabetes mellitus with insulin
- D. Deanna, 16 years old, who is a member of an Irish dance team
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intense physical activity and low body fat, common in gymnasts, can lead to secondary amenorrhea due to hormonal imbalances.
If a breastfeeding woman shows a nonimmune rubella titer prior to discharge, the woman should be
- A. given the MMR vaccine and continue breastfeeding
- B. given the MMR vaccine and stop breastfeeding for a few days
- C. told to take the MMR vaccine in 3 to 6 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: MMR vaccination is contraindicated during breastfeeding; postponement ensures safety.