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A new nurse is thinking about the ways she can demonstrate leadership in her position. Which of the following is true about leadership?
- A. Leadership is a component of nursing practice.
- B. Leadership requires a position of oversight.
- C. Leadership depends on the actions of others.
- D. Only experienced nurses can demonstrate leadership.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because leadership is indeed a fundamental component of nursing practice. Nurses, regardless of their experience level or position, can demonstrate leadership through actions like advocating for patients, collaborating with the healthcare team, and being a role model for others. Leadership in nursing is not solely dependent on having an oversight position or the actions of others. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.
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Which of the following is true regarding health care systems today?
- A. They are all managed care organizations.
- B. They are all privately owned.
- C. Only HMOs are profitable.
- D. There are multiple types of organizations.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because there are indeed multiple types of health care organizations today, including but not limited to managed care organizations, private entities, non-profit organizations, and government-funded systems. This diversity in health care systems allows for different models and approaches to delivering care, catering to the needs and preferences of various populations. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because not all health care systems are managed care organizations, privately owned, or solely profitable for HMOs. It is essential to understand the complexity and variety in health care systems to provide comprehensive and efficient care to patients.
What is the primary focus of a performance appraisal for nursing staff?
- A. To identify areas for salary increases
- B. To evaluate overall job performance
- C. To provide feedback on clinical skills
- D. To determine eligibility for promotions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary focus of a performance appraisal for nursing staff is to provide feedback on their clinical skills. This is crucial for ensuring quality patient care and professional development. Salary increases (A) are typically based on performance, but not the primary focus. Evaluating overall job performance (B) is important but not as specific as assessing clinical skills. Determining eligibility for promotions (D) may be a part of the appraisal process, but not the primary focus.
A hospitalized diabetic patient received 38 U of NPH insulin at 7:00 AM. At 1:00 PM, the
patient has been away from the nursing unit for 2 hours, missing the lunch delivery while
awaiting a chest x-ray. To prevent hypoglycemia, the best action by the nurse is to
- A. save the lunch tray for the patient’s later return to the unit
- B. ask that diagnostic testing area staff to start a 5% dextrose IV
- C. send a glass of milk or orange juice to the patient in the diagnostic testing area
- D. request that if testing is further delayed, the patient be returned to the unit to eat.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. It is essential to maintain the patient's blood glucose levels to prevent hypoglycemia. Since the patient missed lunch, returning them to the unit to eat ensures timely access to food for glycemic control. This action addresses the immediate need for nutrition and glucose intake.
A: Saving the lunch tray is not immediate and does not address the patient's current hypoglycemia risk.
B: Starting a dextrose IV is an option for severe hypoglycemia, not for preventing it in this scenario.
C: Sending milk or orange juice may help raise blood sugar but does not address the need for a complete meal to prevent hypoglycemia.
Which of the following would be considered an urgent and important issue?
- A. Replacing two staff who were injured while caring for a violent patient
- B. Updating the employee break room with new furniture
- C. Preparing educational packets on self-administration of insulin for patients
- D. Arranging a team-building event for staff members
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because replacing injured staff dealing with a violent patient is urgent due to staff shortage and important for patient safety. Choice B is not urgent or directly related to patient care. Choice C is important but not urgent. Choice D is important for team morale but not urgent or directly related to patient care.
The manager of a medical-surgical unit is very task-motivated. Using Fiedler's Contingency Theory, under what circumstances would the manager be most effective?
- A. Only during highly stressful situations.
- B. When there is little to no stress.
- C. Under highly structured situations.
- D. When the situation is loosely structured.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: According to Fiedler's Contingency Theory, task-motivated leaders are most effective in highly structured situations. This is because in such environments, the leader can focus on task accomplishment and clearly defined goals without needing to rely heavily on interpersonal relationships. In contrast, in loosely structured situations, task-motivated leaders may struggle as the lack of clear direction and ambiguity can hinder their task-oriented approach. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Choices A and B are incorrect as they focus on stress levels, which are not directly related to the effectiveness of task-motivated leaders. Choice D is incorrect because loosely structured situations are not ideal for task-motivated leaders according to Fiedler's theory.