Nokea
The nurse is reviewing the chart of a client who is complaining of heavy bleeding with her menstrual cycles. The nurse is aware that which of the following is a possible cause?
- A. Uterine fibroids
- B. Excessive exercise
- C. Normal finding in pregnancy
- D. Diet high in fat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uterine fibroids. Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths in the uterus that can lead to heavy menstrual bleeding. The nurse should consider this as a possible cause based on the client's symptoms.
Incorrect Choices:
B: Excessive exercise - While excessive exercise can sometimes affect menstrual cycles, it is not a common cause of heavy bleeding.
C: Normal finding in pregnancy - Heavy bleeding during menstrual cycles is not a normal finding in pregnancy.
D: Diet high in fat - While diet can impact overall health, a diet high in fat is not a direct cause of heavy menstrual bleeding.
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The test used to screen for gestational diabetes is the:
- A. Glycosylated hemoglobin test.
- B. Glucose challenge test.
- C. Oral glucose tolerance test.
- D. Postprandial glucose test.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Glucose challenge test. This test is used to screen for gestational diabetes as it involves drinking a glucose solution and measuring blood sugar levels afterward. This test is specifically designed to assess how well the body processes sugar during pregnancy. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Glycosylated hemoglobin test measures average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months and is not specific for gestational diabetes.
C: Oral glucose tolerance test is used to diagnose gestational diabetes, not to screen for it.
D: Postprandial glucose test measures blood sugar levels after a meal and is not the recommended screening test for gestational diabetes.
The nurse is counseling a client on dietary recommendations for dysmenorrhea. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the recommendations?
- A. I should adopt a vegan diet.
- B. I should avoid pretzels and potato chips.
- C. I should increase my intake of cranberry juice.
- D. I should avoid dairy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - I should avoid pretzels and potato chips.
Rationale:
1. Pretzels and potato chips are high in salt, which can contribute to bloating and water retention, exacerbating dysmenorrhea symptoms.
2. Avoiding these snacks can help regulate blood sugar levels and reduce inflammation, leading to improved menstrual discomfort.
3. Choosing healthier snack options like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can provide essential nutrients and support overall well-being.
Incorrect Choices:
A. Adopting a vegan diet may or may not directly impact dysmenorrhea symptoms, as it depends on the individual's specific dietary needs and nutrient intake.
C. Increasing cranberry juice intake is more commonly recommended for urinary tract infections, not specifically for dysmenorrhea.
D. Avoiding dairy is not a universal recommendation for dysmenorrhea, as dairy products can provide essential nutrients like calcium and vitamin D that are beneficial for overall health.
Which infant is most likely to express Rh incompatibility?
- A. Infant of an Rh-negative mother and a father who is Rh positive and homozygous for the Rh factor.
- B. Infant who is Rh negative and a mother who is Rh negative.
- C. Infant of an Rh-negative mother and a father who is Rh positive and heterozygous for the Rh factor.
- D. Infant who is Rh positive and a mother who is Rh positive.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Rh incompatibility occurs when the mother is Rh-negative and the father is Rh-positive.
2. If the father is homozygous for Rh factor (AA), all offspring will be Rh-positive.
3. The Rh-positive offspring from an Rh-negative mother can lead to Rh incompatibility.
4. Therefore, the infant of an Rh-negative mother and a father who is Rh positive and homozygous for the Rh factor is most likely to express Rh incompatibility.
Summary:
- Choice B is incorrect because both mother and infant are Rh-negative.
- Choice C is incorrect because the father being heterozygous for the Rh factor would not result in all offspring being Rh-positive.
- Choice D is incorrect as both mother and infant are Rh-positive, so there is no risk of Rh incompatibility.
A client with mild preeclampsia who has been advised to be on bed rest at home asks why doing so is necessary. Which of the following is the best response for the nurse to give the client?
- A. "Bed rest will help you to conserve energy for your labor."'
- B. "Bed rest will help to relieve your nausea and anorexia."'
- C. "Reclining will increase the amount of oxygen that your baby gets."'
- D. "The position change will prevent the placenta from separating."'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because reclining will help improve blood flow to the placenta, increasing oxygen delivery to the baby. This is crucial in preeclampsia to prevent complications such as fetal growth restriction.
A: Incorrect. Bed rest in preeclampsia is not primarily for energy conservation but to reduce blood pressure and prevent further complications.
B: Incorrect. Bed rest does not directly address nausea and anorexia associated with preeclampsia; it focuses on maternal and fetal well-being.
D: Incorrect. Position change does not directly prevent placental separation in preeclampsia; it is more related to maintaining adequate blood flow to the placenta.
A woman has been diagnosed with galactorrhea. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to see? Select all that apply.
- A. Milky white discharge from one or both nipples
- B. Absence of menstrual periods
- C. Temperature intolerance
- D. Less interest in sex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Less interest in sex. Galactorrhea is the spontaneous flow of milk from the breast unassociated with childbirth or nursing. It is commonly caused by elevated levels of prolactin, which can suppress the production of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone, leading to symptoms like decreased libido and less interest in sex. The other choices, A, B, and C, are incorrect because milky white discharge from nipples (A) is a symptom of galactorrhea, absence of menstrual periods (B) is more indicative of conditions like amenorrhea, and temperature intolerance (C) is not typically associated with galactorrhea.