Nokea
A nurse assesses a client's respiratory status. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
- A. Average daily fluid intake.
- B. Neck circumference.
- C. Height and weight.
- D. Occupation and hobbies.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occupation and hobbies. This information is crucial as certain occupations or hobbies may expose the client to respiratory hazards, leading to potential respiratory issues. By assessing their occupation and hobbies, the nurse can identify any risks or triggers that could impact the client's respiratory status.
A: Average daily fluid intake is important for overall health but not directly related to respiratory status assessment.
B: Neck circumference may be relevant for assessing airway obstruction risk but is not as critical as occupation and hobbies.
C: Height and weight are more related to general health and body mass index, not specifically respiratory status assessment.
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Spirometry can measure all except
- A. IC
- B. ERV
- C. FRC
- D. Vital capacity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spirometry measures lung volumes and capacities. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) is the volume of air left in the lungs after a normal exhalation, which cannot be directly measured by spirometry. Therefore, C is correct. IC (Inspiratory Capacity) is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation, ERV (Expiratory Reserve Volume) is the additional volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal exhalation, and Vital Capacity is the total volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation, all of which can be measured using spirometry.
The normal rate and depth of breathing is established by the ________ center(s).
- A. apneustic
- B. pneumotaxic
- C. DRG and VRG
- D. expiratory
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG) and Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG) are the centers in the brainstem responsible for controlling the rate and depth of breathing. The DRG primarily regulates inspiration, while the VRG is involved in both inspiration and expiration. The apneustic and pneumotaxic centers (choices A and B) are subregions within the pons that modulate the activity of the DRG and VRG but do not establish the baseline rate and depth of breathing. The expiratory center (choice D) is responsible for controlling only the expiratory phase of breathing and is not involved in setting the normal rate and depth of breathing.
The pulmonary ventilation rate for someone with tidal volume of 500 mL and a respiration rate of 14 bpm is:
- A. 6,000 L/min
- B. 6 L/min
- C. 7 L/min
- D. 4.2 L/min
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To calculate pulmonary ventilation rate, multiply tidal volume by respiration rate. In this case, 500 mL * 14 bpm = 7,000 mL/min. Converting to liters, it's 7 L/min. Choice A is incorrect as it miscalculates the conversion from mL to L, B is incorrect due to incorrect calculation, and D is incorrect as it's not the accurate result of the multiplication.
A home health nurse is visiting a new client who uses oxygen in the home. For which factors doesn't the nurse assess when determining if the client is using the oxygen safely?
- A. The client does not allow smoking in the house.
- B. Electrical cords are in good working order.
- C. Flammable liquids are stored in the garage.
- D. Household light bulbs are the fluorescent type.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because household light bulbs being fluorescent type is unrelated to the safe use of oxygen. The nurse should assess factors directly related to oxygen safety, such as smoking restrictions, electrical cord condition, and proper storage of flammable materials. Fluorescent light bulbs do not pose a significant risk in relation to oxygen safety.
Inhibition of medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles has what effect on respiratory rate, elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and arterial PCO2?
- A. increased respiratory rate, increased elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and increased arterial
PCO2 - B. increased respiratory rate, decreased elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and decreased arterial
PCO2 - C. increased respiratory rate, increased elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and decreased arterial
PCO2 - D. decreased respiratory rate, decreased elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and increased arterial
PCO2
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Inhibition of medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles would decrease respiratory rate, leading to decreased elimination of CO2 at alveoli. This would cause an increase in arterial PCO2 due to less CO2 being removed from the body. Therefore, choice D is correct.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the physiological effects of inhibiting the medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles. Option A suggests an increase in respiratory rate and elimination of CO2, which goes against the expected decrease in these parameters. Option B proposes an increase in respiratory rate but a decrease in CO2 elimination and arterial PCO2, which is inconsistent with the expected outcomes. Option C suggests an increase in respiratory rate and CO2 elimination but a decrease in arterial PCO2, which does not follow the logic of the question.