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A nurse has been studying research that examines the association between stress levels and negative health outcomes. Which relationship should underlie the educational interventions that the nurse chooses to teach?
- A. Stress impairs sleep patterns.
- B. Stress decreases immune function.
- C. Stress increases weight.
- D. Stress decreases concentration.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Studies have shown the negative effects of stress on health and a cause-and-effect relationship between stress and infectious diseases, traumatic injuries (e.g., motor vehicle crashes), and some chronic illnesses. It is well known that stress decreases the immune response, thereby making individuals more susceptible to infectious diseases. The other options can also be correct in certain individuals, but they are not those that best support stress-reduction initiatives.
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A team of public health nurses are doing strategic planning and are discussing health promotion activities for the next year. Which of the following initiatives best exemplifies the principles of health promotion?
- A. A blood pressure clinic at a local factory
- B. A family planning clinic at a community center
- C. An immunization clinic at the largest local mall
- D. A workplace safety seminar
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Health promotion may be defined as those activities that assist people in developing resources that maintain or enhance well-being and improve their quality of life. A family planning clinic meets these criteria most closely. Workplace health and safety would be considered a protection service. A blood pressure clinic and immunization clinic would fall under the category of preventive services.
An occupational health nurse is in the planning stages of a new health promotion campaign in the workplace. When appraising the potential benefits of the program, the nurse should consider that success depends primarily on what quality in the participants?
- A. Desire to expand knowledge
- B. Self-awareness
- C. Adequate time- and task-management
- D. Taking responsibility for oneself
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Taking responsibility for oneself is the key to successful health promotion, superseding the importance of desire to learn information, self-awareness, or time-management.
A community health nurse has been asked to participate in a health fair that is being sponsored by the local senior center. The nurse should select educational focuses in the knowledge that older adults benefit most from what kind of activities?
- A. Those that help them eat well
- B. Those that help them maintain independence
- C. Those that preserve their social interactions
- D. Those that promote financial stability
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Although their chronic illnesses and disabilities cannot be eliminated, the elderly can benefit most from activities that help them maintain independence and achieve an optimal level of health. For many older adults, this is a priority over social interaction, finances, or eating well, even though each of these subjects is important.
A school nurse is facilitating a health screening program among junior high school students. What purpose of health screening should the nurse prioritize when planning this program?
- A. To teach students about health risks that they can expect as they grow and develop
- B. To evaluate the treatment of students current health problems
- C. To identify the presence of infectious diseases
- D. To detect health problems at an early age so they can be treated promptly
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The goal of health screening in the adolescent population has been to detect health problems at an early age so that they can be treated at this time. An additional goal includes efforts to promote positive health practices at an early age. The focus is not on anticipatory guidance or evaluation of treatment. Health screening includes infectious diseases, but is not limited to these.
You are the oncoming nurse and you have just taken end-of-shift report on your patients. One of your patients newly diagnosed with diabetes was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which behavior best demonstrates this patients willingness to learn?
- A. The patient requests a visit from the hospitals diabetic educator.
- B. The patient sets aside a dessert brought in by a family member.
- C. The patient wants a family member to meet with the dietician to discuss meals.
- D. The patient readily allows the nurse to measure his blood glucose level.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Emotional readiness also affects the motivation to learn. A person who has not accepted an existing illness or the threat of illness is not motivated to learn. The patients willingness to learn is expressed through the action of seeking information on his or her own accord. Seeking information shows an emotional readiness to learn. The other options do not as clearly demonstrate a willingness to learn.