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A nurse is caring for a client using oxygen while in the hospital. What assessment finding indicates that outcomes for client safety with oxygen therapy are being met?
- A. 100% of meals being eaten by the client
- B. Intact skin behind the ears
- C. The client understanding the need for oxygen
- D. Unchanged weight for the past 3 days
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Intact skin behind the ears indicates that the oxygen delivery device is fitted properly and not causing skin breakdown, ensuring client safety. A (meals being eaten) is not directly related to oxygen therapy outcomes. C (client understanding) is important but doesn't directly assess client safety with oxygen therapy. D (unchanged weight) is not a specific indicator of client safety with oxygen therapy.
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The experienced LPN/LVN is providing nursing care for a client with a respiratory problem. Which of the following actions are appropriate to the scope of practice for an experienced LPN/LVN? (Choose all that apply.)
- A. Auscultate breath sounds.
- B. Administer MDI (multidose inhaler) medications.
- C. Check oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry.
- D. Evaluate client's technique for using MDIs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer includes A, B, and C. Auscultating breath sounds, administering MDI medications, and checking oxygen saturation are within the scope of practice for an LPN/LVN. Evaluating the client's technique (D) may require more advanced assessment skills typically performed by RNs.
Vital capacity of lungs of an average human is
- A. 3000-4500 ml
- B. 1500-1800 ml
- C. 2000-2500 ml
- D. 500-1000 ml
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The vital capacity of lungs is the maximum amount of air a person can exhale after a maximum inhalation. The average vital capacity for an adult human is typically between 3000-4500 ml. This range allows for efficient gas exchange in the lungs. Choice B (1500-1800 ml) and Choice C (2000-2500 ml) fall below the average vital capacity, indicating limited lung capacity. Choice D (500-1000 ml) is significantly low and would not support normal respiratory function. Therefore, Choice A (3000-4500 ml) is the correct answer as it aligns with the average vital capacity range for an average human.
In describing the parts of the respiratory system, the word 'septum' designates a partition in the
- A. larynx.
- B. nasal cavities.
- C. pharynx.
- D. glottis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: nasal cavities. The term "septum" refers to a partition or dividing wall that separates two cavities. In the context of the respiratory system, the nasal septum divides the nasal cavities into left and right sides. This separation helps to regulate airflow and also provides structural support for the nasal passages.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: The larynx is not typically associated with a septum. It is primarily responsible for vocalization and protecting the airway.
C: The pharynx is a passageway for air and food, but it does not contain a septum dividing it into distinct sections.
D: The glottis is the space between the vocal cords in the larynx and does not have a septum separating it into parts.
Hemoglobin gives up O2 when
- A. carbon dioxide concentrations are high
- B. body temperature is lowered.
- C. pH values are high
- D. CO2 concentrations are low
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: carbon dioxide concentrations are high. When carbon dioxide levels are high, it leads to a decrease in blood pH, triggering hemoglobin to release oxygen more readily through the Bohr effect. This is a physiological response to maintain homeostasis. The other choices (B, C, D) do not directly affect the release of oxygen from hemoglobin.
A nurse in a family practice clinic is preparing discharge instructions for a client reporting facial pain that is worse when bending over tenderness across the cheeks and postnasal discharge. What instruction will be most helpful?
- A. Ice packs may help with the facial pain.
- B. Limit fluids to dry out your sinuses.
- C. Try warm, moist heat packs on your face.
- D. We will schedule a computed tomography scan this week.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Try warm, moist heat packs on your face. Warm, moist heat can help relieve facial pain and sinus pressure by promoting sinus drainage and reducing inflammation. Ice packs may not be as effective for this type of pain. Limiting fluids can worsen symptoms by drying out the sinuses. Scheduling a CT scan is not necessary at this point as the symptoms described are indicative of sinusitis, which can often be managed with conservative measures like warm compresses.