Nokea
Which of the following is not a therapeutic indication of bone marrow puncture?
- A. Analgesia
- B. Antibiotics
- C. Anaesthesia
- D. Inflammation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Bone marrow puncture is not indicated for analgesia but for diagnostic purposes.
2. Antibiotics may be indicated to prevent infection during the procedure.
3. Anaesthesia may be used to minimize pain and discomfort.
4. Inflammation is a condition that may necessitate bone marrow puncture for diagnosis.
Therefore, choice A is the correct answer as it does not align with the therapeutic indications of bone marrow puncture.
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Which is an example of a secondary prevention strategy?
- A. Administering immunizations to prevent disease
- B. Conducting health screenings to detect early signs of disease
- C. Providing rehabilitation services to prevent complications
- D. Educating the public about healthy lifestyle choices
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat diseases at an early stage.
2. Health screenings help identify early signs of disease before symptoms appear.
3. Early detection allows for prompt intervention to prevent disease progression.
4. Administering immunizations (A) is an example of primary prevention.
5. Providing rehabilitation services (C) is an example of tertiary prevention.
6. Educating the public (D) focuses on promoting healthy behaviors, also a primary prevention strategy.
Summary:
Option B is correct as it aligns with the goal of secondary prevention by detecting diseases early. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they represent primary prevention, tertiary prevention, and health promotion strategies, respectively.
Which best describes the role of a community health nurse in promoting health?
- A. Advocating for health policy changes
- B. Providing direct care to individuals and families
- C. Educating the community about healthy lifestyles
- D. Conducting research on community health issues
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because advocating for health policy changes is a key role of community health nurses in promoting health at a population level. They work to influence policies that address social determinants of health and improve overall community well-being. Providing direct care (B) is more aligned with clinical nursing roles. Educating the community (C) is important but not the primary role of a community health nurse. Conducting research (D) may inform practice but is not the primary function of promoting health in the community.
What is the most effective method for preventing the spread of disease?
- A. Hand hygiene
- B. Vaccination
- C. Quarantine
- D. Use of personal protective equipment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hand hygiene. Proper hand hygiene, including washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer, is the most effective method for preventing the spread of disease. This is because hands can easily pick up and transfer germs from surfaces to our bodies. Regular handwashing can remove these germs and reduce the risk of infection.
Summary of other choices:
B: Vaccination is important in preventing certain diseases but may not be as effective in controlling the immediate spread of a disease outbreak.
C: Quarantine can help contain the spread of disease in specific situations but may not be as universally applicable as hand hygiene.
D: Use of personal protective equipment is crucial in certain settings, but it is not as practical or accessible for the general population compared to practicing good hand hygiene.
Which of the following is an indication for tracheostomy?
- A. Drainage of pleural effusion
- B. Hemorrhage
- C. Infections
- D. Acute respiratory failure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acute respiratory failure. Tracheostomy is indicated in cases of severe respiratory compromise when the upper airway is obstructed or when long-term mechanical ventilation is needed. It ensures a patent airway and facilitates weaning from a ventilator. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as drainage of pleural effusion, hemorrhage, and infections do not typically require a tracheostomy for management.
Which is an example of tertiary prevention?
- A. Providing rehabilitation services
- B. Diagnosing and treating disease
- C. Health education to prevent complications
- D. Screening for complications
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because tertiary prevention focuses on managing and rehabilitating individuals who already have a disease or condition to prevent further complications and improve quality of life. Providing rehabilitation services falls under tertiary prevention as it aims to restore function and reduce disability post-diagnosis.
B: Diagnosing and treating disease is considered secondary prevention, which aims to detect and treat diseases early to prevent progression.
C: Health education to prevent complications is an example of primary prevention, which aims to prevent the development of diseases or conditions.
D: Screening for complications is part of secondary prevention, as it involves early detection and treatment to prevent complications.