Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an adverse effect of the medication?
- A. I've had a backache for several days
- B. I feel nauseated and have no appetite
- C. I can walk a mile a day
- D. I am urinating more frequently
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin's tightrope nausea and anorexia flag toxicity, a common adverse hit as levels climb, risking arrhythmias. Backache's vague, walking's a win, urination's unrelated. Nurses catch this, checking levels, a red light in this heart-boosting med's dance.
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Changes in blood lipids often occur in people who have been diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Question: Which of the following abnormalities is most consistent with metabolic syndrome?
- A. Increased triglyceride with decreased LDL cholesterol
- B. Increased triglyceride with increased LDL cholesterol
- C. Increased triglyceride with decreased HDL cholesterol
- D. Decreased triglyceride with increased HDL cholesterol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metabolic syndrome's lipid mark triglycerides up, HDL down fits the frame, not LDL swings or triglyceride drops. Nurses clock this, a chronic fat flag.
External-beam radiation is planned for a patient with cervical cancer. What instructions should the nurse give to the patient to prevent complications from the effects of the radiation?
- A. Test all stools for the presence of blood.
- B. Maintain a high-residue, high-fiber diet.
- C. Clean the perianal area carefully after every bowel movement.
- D. Inspect the mouth and throat daily for the appearance of thrush.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cervical radiation hits the pelvis diarrhea's a beast from bowel irritation. Gentle perianal cleaning stops skin breakdown and infection, a must-do. Stool blood happens but isn't routine to test diarrhea's expected. High-fiber worsens it low-residue's better. Thrush is oral, not pelvic radiation's turf. Nurses in oncology push this hygiene tip, keeping skin intact amid radiation's gut chaos.
Assessment of NAFLD at primary care clinic includes for followings except:
- A. Fibroscan
- B. Fasting glucose
- C. Liver biopsy
- D. Liver function test
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NAFLD's primary peek Fibroscan, glucose, lipids, and LFTs flags fat and fallout, all doable outpatient. Liver biopsy, gold but invasive, stays secondary, not routine. Clinicians lean on non-pokey tools, screening chronic liver load smart, a practical dodge of the knife.
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with polycythemia vera. Which of the following should the nurse include in the client and family education?
- A. Resume normal activity
- B. Wear support hose while awake
- C. Decrease fluid intake to no more than 1 liter per day
- D. Diet high in vitamin K intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Polycythemia vera thickens blood, slowing venous return support hose boost circulation, cutting clot risk, a practical teaching point for clients and families. Normal activity's fine but misses prevention. Less fluid thickens blood further, dangerous here; high vitamin K aids clotting, counterproductive. Nurses push hose use, easing symptoms like swelling, a key strategy in managing this hyperviscous state.
Which of the following is NOT an example of intermittent fasting?
- A. Alternate day fasting
- B. Very low calorie diet
- C. Time restricted feeding
- D. Religious fasting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intermittent fasting flips eating windows alternate days, time limits, 5:2, and religious fasts fit, cycling feast and famine. Very low calorie diets slash intake daily, not intermittently, a steady cut, not a fast. Clinicians spot this outlier, shaping obesity's chronic rhythm, a key distinction in diet's dance.