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A nurse is caring for an immigrant with low income.Which information should the nurse consider when planning care for this patient?
- A. There is a decreased frequency of morbidity.
- B. There is an increased incidence of disease.
- C. There is an increased level of health.
- D. There is a decreased mortality rate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: There is an increased incidence of disease. Low-income immigrants often face barriers to healthcare access, leading to higher rates of undiagnosed and untreated health conditions. This information is crucial for the nurse to plan appropriate care interventions.
Incorrect choices:
A: Decreased frequency of morbidity is not accurate as low-income immigrants may experience higher rates of illness due to lack of resources.
C: Increased level of health is unlikely in this population due to socioeconomic factors affecting health outcomes.
D: Decreased mortality rate is not supported as low-income immigrants may have higher mortality rates due to limited access to healthcare.
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The nurse is providing discharge education to an adult patient who will begin a regimen of ocular medications for the treatment of glaucoma. How can the nurse best determine if the patient is able to self-administer these medications safely and effectively?
- A. Assess the patient for any previous inability to self-manage medications.
- B. Ask the patient to demonstrate the instillation of her medications.
- C. Determine whether the patient can accurately describe the appropriate method of administering her medications.
- D. Assess the patients functional status.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. By asking the patient to demonstrate the instillation of medications, the nurse can directly assess the patient's ability to self-administer the medications safely and effectively. This method allows for a practical demonstration of skills, which is more reliable than relying solely on verbal descriptions or past experiences. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because assessing for previous inability, describing the method, or evaluating functional status may not directly demonstrate the patient's competency in self-administering ocular medications.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a postsurgical wound. When planning care, which goal will be the priority?
- A. Reduce dependent nitrogen balance.
- B. Maintain negative nitrogen balance.
- C. Promote positive nitrogen balance.
- D. Facilitate neutral nitrogen balance.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Promote positive nitrogen balance. In a postsurgical patient, promoting positive nitrogen balance is crucial for wound healing and tissue repair. This goal helps prevent muscle wasting and promotes overall recovery. A: Reduce dependent nitrogen balance is incorrect as it does not address the need for positive nitrogen balance in wound healing. B: Maintain negative nitrogen balance is incorrect because negative nitrogen balance indicates a loss of protein stores, which is detrimental for healing. D: Facilitate neutral nitrogen balance is incorrect as it does not actively support the increased protein needs for wound repair.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has just had a radical mastectomy and axillary node dissection. When providing patient education regarding rehabilitation, what should the nurse recommend?
- A. Avoid exercise of the arm for next 2 months.
- B. Keep cuticles clipped neatly.
- C. Avoid lifting objects heavier than 10 pounds.
- D. Use a sling until healing is complete.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Avoid lifting objects heavier than 10 pounds. This recommendation is crucial post-mastectomy as it helps prevent lymphedema and promotes healing without causing strain on the surgical site. Lifting heavy objects can lead to complications such as lymphedema or disruption of the healing process. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as avoiding exercise of the arm for 2 months may lead to stiffness and reduced range of motion, keeping cuticles clipped neatly does not directly affect rehabilitation, and using a sling is not necessary unless specifically advised by the healthcare provider.
An oncology nurse educator is providing health education to a patient who has been diagnosed with skin cancer. The patients wife has asked about the differences between normal cells and cancer cells. What characteristic of a cancer cell should the educator cite?
- A. Malignant cells contain more fibronectin than normal body cells.
- B. Malignant cells contain proteins called tumor-specific antigens.
- C. Chromosomes contained in cancer cells are more durable and stable than those of normal cells.
- D. The nuclei of cancer cells are unusually large, but regularly shaped.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Malignant cells contain proteins called tumor-specific antigens. Tumor-specific antigens are unique to cancer cells and are not found in normal cells. This characteristic distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells and is important in cancer detection and treatment.
A: Malignant cells do not necessarily contain more fibronectin than normal body cells. Fibronectin is a glycoprotein found in the extracellular matrix and is not a defining characteristic of cancer cells.
C: Chromosomes in cancer cells are actually more prone to instability and mutations compared to normal cells, making them less durable and stable.
D: The nuclei of cancer cells can vary in size and shape, with irregularities often seen, rather than being unusually large and regularly shaped.
A nurse is reviewing urinary laboratory results.Which finding will cause the nurse to follow up?
- A. Protein level of 2 mg/100 mL
- B. Urine output of 80 mL/hr
- C. Specific gravity of 1.036
- D. pH of 6.4
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a protein level of 2 mg/100 mL in urine indicates proteinuria, which can be a sign of kidney dysfunction or other underlying health issues. The nurse should follow up to assess further for possible kidney disease or other conditions.
Choice B is not a cause for concern as a urine output of 80 mL/hr is within the normal range.
Choice C indicates concentrated urine, which may be due to dehydration but does not necessarily require immediate follow-up.
Choice D is within the normal range for urine pH and does not typically warrant immediate follow-up.