Nokea
A nurse is establishing several health programs, such as bicycle safety, to improve the health status of a target population. This describes which step in the community nursing process?
- A. Planning
- B. Evaluation
- C. Assessment
- D. Implementation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse establishing health programs, such as bicycle safety, to improve the health status of a target population is engaging in the implementation phase of the community nursing process. Implementation involves putting the planned interventions into action. In this scenario, the nurse is actively carrying out the health programs to promote bicycle safety, which is a crucial step in the community nursing process. The planning phase precedes implementation, where the nurse develops the interventions and strategies to address community health needs. Following implementation, the next step in the community nursing process would be evaluation, where the effectiveness of the health programs would be assessed to determine their impact on the target population.
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What instruction should the nurse give to then patient taking propan0lol (Inderal) for hypertension?
- A. Have potassium level checked
- B. Do not stop medication abruptly
- C. Report any changes in appetite
- D. Resume usual daily activities
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the patient taking propranolol (Inderal) for hypertension to not stop the medication abruptly. Suddenly stopping propranolol can lead to rebound hypertension and potentially dangerous side effects. It is important for the patient to gradually taper off the medication under the guidance of a healthcare provider to avoid complications. Therefore, advising the patient not to stop the medication abruptly is a crucial instruction to ensure their safety and well-being.
Which may be given to high-risk children after exposure to chickenpox to prevent varicella?
- A. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
- B. Varicella globulin
- C. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl)
- D. VCZ immune globulin (VariZIG)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: VCZ immune globulin (VariZIG) is given to high-risk children after exposure to chickenpox to prevent varicella. VariZIG contains antibodies against the varicella-zoster virus, providing passive immunity to the child. This can help reduce the severity of the infection or prevent it altogether in high-risk individuals. Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral medication used to treat varicella infections but is not typically used for prevention post-exposure. Varicella globulin is not a treatment for varicella. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) is an antihistamine and is not used for preventing varicella post-exposure.
A woman with pelvic inflammatory disease complains of lower abdominal pain. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Have her rate her pain on a 0 to 10 scale
- B. Administer antibiotics as ordered
- C. Administer an analgesic as ordered
- D. Teach the patient about causes and prevention of STDs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The first priority when a woman with pelvic inflammatory disease complains of lower abdominal pain is to administer antibiotics as ordered. Pelvic inflammatory disease is often caused by a bacterial infection, and prompt treatment with antibiotics is crucial to prevent complications such as infertility or chronic pelvic pain. Addressing the infection promptly is essential in managing the condition and preventing further spread of the infection. Once antibiotic therapy has been initiated, the nurse can proceed with other interventions such as pain management (C), patient education on STDs (D), and assessing pain level (A).
A baby is born precipitously in the ER. The nurses initial action should be to:
- A. Establish an airway for the baby
- B. Ascertain the condition of the fundus
- C. Quickly tie and cut the umbilical cord
- D. Move mother and baby to the birthing unit
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The initial action that the nurses should take after a baby is born precipitously in the ER is to establish an airway for the baby. This is crucial for ensuring the baby's ability to breathe properly and for their overall well-being. Clearing the airway helps prevent complications such as asphyxia and ensures that the baby is receiving adequate oxygen. Once the airway has been established and the baby's breathing is stable, then other assessments and actions can be taken.
While Andres is being assessed at the clinic, Nurse Shiela observed that the child appears to be small, with an immature face and chubby body build. Her parents stated that their child's rate of growth of all body parts is somewhat slow, but her proportions and intelligence remain normal. As a knowledgeable nurse, you know that the child has a deficiency of which of the following?
- A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- B. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
- C. Growth hormone (GH)
- D. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The child described in the scenario displays characteristics consistent with growth hormone deficiency. Growth hormone is essential for the growth and development of bones, muscles, and other tissues in the body. A deficiency in growth hormone can result in growth retardation, where the child appears small with slow growth rates of body parts. Despite the physical stunting, intelligence remains normal as growth hormone does not affect intellectual development. Treatment for growth hormone deficiency usually involves hormone replacement therapy to help the child achieve normal growth and development.