Nokea
A nurse is explaining how statin drugs help lower cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides. Which of the following would the nurse include in the explanation?
- A. Decreased absorption of cholesterol from the GI tract
- B. Promotion of cholesterol breakdown
- C. Formation of a substance that is excreted in the feces
- D. Decreased breakdown of fat to cholesterol
- E. Inhibition of cholesterol production
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Statins inhibit the manufacture of cholesterol or promote the breakdown of cholesterol. The bile acid resins bind to bile acids to form an insoluble substance that cannot be absorbed by the intestine, so it is excreted in the feces.
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The nurse is preparing a client for discharge. The client is prescribed antihyperlipidemic drug therapy. The nurse would include which of the following in the discharge teaching?
- A. Reason for taking the prescribed drug
- B. Drug name
- C. Correct dose
- D. Frequency of administration
- E. Dosage form
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: The nurse should review the reasons for the drug and prescribed therapy, including drug name, form and method of preparation, correct dose, and frequency of administration, as part of a client's discharge counseling.
After administering an antihyperlipidemic drug, the nurse continues to assess which of the following?
- A. Blood glucose
- B. Vital signs
- C. Assessment of bowel function
- D. Input and output
- E. Stool sample
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Clients on antihyperlipidemic medications should have vital signs checked and bowel function assessed because an adverse reaction to these drugs is constipation. Constipation may become serious if not treated early in the medication regimen.
A client with hyperlipidemia has been prescribed niacin by a physician. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse monitor for in the client?
- A. Tingling
- B. Constipation
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Cholelithiasis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should monitor for tingling in the client as an adverse reaction to the drug niacin. Constipation, diarrhea, and cholelithiasis are adverse reactions to the drug fenofibrate.
A client is currently taking propranolol (Inderal) for hypertension, glipizide (Glucotrol) for diabetes, and acetaminophen (Tylenol) for osteoarthritis. If cholestyramine was given to this client, which of the following would likely result?
- A. The client would experience hypoglycemia from increased absorption of glipizide
- B. The client would experience decreased analgesia from decreased absorption of acetaminophen
- C. The client would experience an increase in blood pressure due to decreased absorption of propranolol
- D. The client would experience hypotension from increased absorption of propranolol
- E. The client would experience hyperglycemia from decreased absorption of glipizide
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: The use of bile acid resins, like cholestyramine, decreases the absorption of some medications including glipizide and propranolol. This decreased absorption could result in hyperglycemia and an increase in blood pressure for this particular client.
A client with hyperlipidemia is prescribed ezetimibe. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform during treatment?
- A. Taking a dietary history of the client
- B. Inspecting skin and eyelids for evidence of xanthomas
- C. Obtaining reports of fasting blood sugar levels
- D. Frequently monitoring blood cholesterol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should frequently monitor blood cholesterol as part of the ongoing assessment for a client receiving ezetimibe. Taking a dietary history of the client and inspecting the skin and eyelids for evidence of xanthomas are the preadministration assessments that a nurse should perform for a client receiving ezetimibe. The nurse obtains the reports of fasting blood sugar for a client with diabetes.