Nokea
A nurse is providing instructions to the parent of an adolescent client who has a new prescription for Albuterol, PO. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. You can take this medication to abort an acute asthma attack.
- B. Tremors are an adverse effect of this medication.
- C. Prolonged use of this medication can cause hyperglycemia.
- D. This medication can slow skeletal growth rate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tremors are a common side effect of albuterol due to beta-agonist stimulation.
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The trial period to determine effective anti-inflammatory activity when starting a patient on aspirin for rheumatoid arthritis is:
- A. 48 hours
- B. 4 to 6 days
- C. 4 weeks
- D. 2 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin's anti-inflammatory effect for RA takes 4-6 days; 48 hours is too short.
Varicella vaccine is recommended to be given to patients who are:
- A. HIV positive with a CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage less than 15%
- B. Taking corticosteroids (up to 2 mg/kg/day or less than 20 mg/day)
- C. Pregnant
- D. Immunocompromised
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Varicella vaccine is safe with low-dose steroids; HIV with low CD4 , pregnancy , or immunocompromise contraindicate it.
Drug absorbed by active transport is
- A. Propranolol
- B. Ergotamine
- C. Levodopa
- D. Amantidine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Levodopa uses active transport via amino acid carriers in the gut.
A patient has come to the clinic and been diagnosed with Lyme disease. The physician has ordered oral tetracycline. What is important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan about tetracycline? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Do not take the drug with anything high in sodium content to keep from producing a state of hypernatremia in the body.
- B. Do not take the drug with foods or other drugs that contain calcium.
- C. Avoid eating bananas at the same time you take this drug as the potassium content of the tetracycline can produce hyperkalemia in the body.
- D. Avoid exposure to the sun when taking this drug as it can turn your skin purple.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The antibiotic tetracycline is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract if calcium or calcium products (e.g., milk) are present in the stomach. It cannot be taken with iron products because a chemical reaction occurs preventing absorption. Although tetracycline can increase sun sensitivity, it does not turn the skin purple. Patients who take tetracycline do not need to avoid eating bananas or foods that are high in potassium.
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication from a multidose bottle. The label is torn and soiled but the name of the medication is still readable. What is the nurses priority action?
- A. Discard the entire bottle and contents and obtain a new bottle.
- B. Find the drug information and create a new label for the bottle.
- C. Ask another nurse to verify the contents of the bottle.
- D. Administer the medication if the name of the drug can be clearly read.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When the drug label is soiled obscuring some information the safest action by the nurse is to discard the bottle and contents because drug labels contain a great deal of important information, far more than just the name of the drug. Concentration of the drug, expiration date, administration directions, and precautions may be missing from the label and so put the patient at risk. Looking up drug information in a drug handbook or consulting with another nurse will not supply the expiration date or concentration of medication. Be safe and discard the bottle and its contents.