Nokea
A nurse is providing teaching for a male client who has Schizophrenia and is taking Risperidone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Add extra snacks to your diet to prevent weight loss.
- B. Notify the provider if you develop breast enlargement.
- C. You may begin to have mild seizures while taking this medication.
- D. This medication is likely to increase your libido.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Risperidone can cause gynecomastia , a side effect to report; it often decreases libido and causes weight gain.
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Anaphylactic shock is a:
- A. Type I reaction, called immediate hypersensitivity reaction
- B. Type II reaction, called cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction
- C. Type III allergic reaction, called immune complex hypersensitivity
- D. Type IV allergic reaction, called delayed hypersensitivity reaction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anaphylactic shock is a Type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction , IgE-mediated, unlike cytotoxic (II), immune complex (III), or delayed (IV).
Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to:
- A. Hair loss
- B. Insomnia
- C. Dry scales on the scalp
- D. Numbness and tingling of the hands
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency causes neurological symptoms like numbness and tingling due to nerve damage.
A client asks the NP about the differences in drug effects between men and women. What is known about the differences between the pharmacokinetics of men and women?
- A. Body temperature varies between men and women.
- B. Muscle mass is greater in women.
- C. Percentage of fat differs between genders.
- D. Proven subjective factors exist between the genders.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gender differences in pharmacokinetics are largely due to fat percentage , affecting drug distribution; muscle mass is greater in men (B is false), and temperature/subjective factors are less impactful.
The volume of distribution (Vd) for a drug highly bound in peripheral tissues would be?
- A. High
- B. Low
- C. Unchanged
- D. Cannot be determined
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A drug highly bound in peripheral tissues has a high Vd, as it distributes extensively beyond plasma, often exceeding total body water (e.g., >0.6 L/kg).
The nurse learns that a drug needed by the patient is classified as an orphan drug and recognizes what as a reason for this classification? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. The drug is rarely prescribed.
- B. The drug has dangerous adverse effects.
- C. The drug treats a rare disease.
- D. The patent on the medication is still effective.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Drugs are classified as orphan drugs when they are not financially viable for a drug company to produce either because of risk for lawsuits about adverse effects or because the drug is not prescribed, which is often seen in rare diagnoses. Generic drugs are not produced until the patent expires, but this has no impact on classifying a particular drug as an orphan drug. Generic drugs are often produced by companies that only manufacture drugs without conducting research, but this has no bearing on the classification of orphan drugs.