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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for Pramlintide for type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?(Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Take oral medications 1 hr before injection.
- B. Use upper arms as preferred injection sites.
- C. Mix pramlintide with breakfast dose of insulin.
- D. Inject pramlintide just before a meal.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Injecting before meals and discarding after 28 days are key for pramlintide; it's not mixed with insulin.
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Persistent dry cough is a common side effect of:
- A. ACE inhibitor
- B. Calcium channel blockers
- C. Beta blockers
- D. Angiotensin receptor blockers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ACE inhibitors, such as lisinopril, frequently cause a persistent dry cough due to increased bradykinin levels irritating the respiratory tract.
A patient is considering using herbal supplements and asks the nurse about them. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Herbal supplements are safe to use because they are regulated closely.'
- B. Herbal supplements can affect the way other medications will act.'
- C. Taking more than the recommended amount usually is not harmful because they are natural.'
- D. The risk of the supplement interacting with any prescription medications is extremely low.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse needs to explain to the patient that just because an herbal supplement is labeled 'natural' does not mean the supplement is safe or without harmful effects. Herbal supplements can act the same way as drugs and can cause medical problems if not used correctly or if taken in large amounts. Herbal supplements are not regulated by the FDA, so products lack standardization in relation to purity and potency. In addition, the patient should be warned not to take more than the recommended dose of any herbal health product or supplement. The problems that these products can cause are much more likely to occur if the patient takes too much or takes them for too long.
Harold, a 42-year-old African American, has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following asthma medications should be used cautiously, if at all?
- A. Betamethasone, an inhaled corticosteroid
- B. Salmeterol, an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist
- C. Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist
- D. Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Salmeterol carries a Black Box Warning for increased asthma-related deaths, especially in African Americans, requiring caution; others are safer.
While studying for the test, the nursing student encounters the following drug: papaverine (Pavabid). What does the nursing student identify the name Pavabid as?
- A. The generic name
- B. The chemical name
- C. The brand name
- D. The chemical and generic name
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Several clues indicate the brand name including capitalization of the first letter in the name and in parentheses. Generic names are not capitalized; chemical names are descriptions of the chemistry of the medication resulting in complicated names.
The following drugs are excreted in the bile except:
- A. Erythromycin
- B. Novobiocin
- C. Chloramphenicol
- D. Rifampicin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chloramphenicol is primarily excreted via the kidneys, not bile.