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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has bipolar disorder and a new prescription for lithium. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Increase intake of foods high in potassium.
- B. Maintain a consistent sodium intake.
- C. Limit daily exercise to 30 min.
- D. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Consistent sodium intake prevents lithium toxicity or reduced efficacy. Potassium, exercise limits, or empty stomach administration aren't necessary.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV chemotherapy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. The client reports mild fatigue.
- B. The client's IV site is cool and swollen.
- C. The client's urine output is 200 mL over 4 hr.
- D. The client's temperature is 37.2°C (99°F).
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A cool, swollen IV site suggests extravasation, a chemotherapy emergency requiring immediate reporting. Fatigue, urine output, and mild fever are less urgent.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for montelukast. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. You should take this medication in the evening.
- B. You might experience weight gain while taking this medication.
- C. You need to limit your fluid intake while taking this medication.
- D. You can take this medication with an antacid.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Montelukast is taken in the evening for asthma control. Weight gain, fluid limits, or antacids aren't significant concerns.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for tramadol. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should take this medication with food.
- B. I might feel sleepy while taking this medication.
- C. I need to avoid sunlight.
- D. I can increase the dose if my pain gets worse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tramadol can cause drowsiness, showing understanding. Food isn't required, sunlight isn't a concern, and dose increases need provider approval.
A nurse is collecting data for a client who is receiving enteral tube feedings. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is a manifestation of fluid overload?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Decreased blood pressure
- C. Decreased skin turgor
- D. Crackles heard in the lungs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Crackles in the lungs indicate pulmonary edema from fluid overload. Weight loss, low blood pressure, or poor skin turgor suggest dehydration, not overload.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Keep the tablets in a dark, airtight container.
- B. Take one tablet every 15 min for chest pain.
- C. You might feel a tingling sensation under your tongue.
- D. You should swallow the tablet with water.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nitroglycerin causes a tingling sensation, indicating absorption. Tablets are kept in dark containers, taken every 5 minutes for pain, and not swallowed.