Nokea
A nurse is teaching a patient about medication adherence. What approach by the nurse promotes patient empowerment and active participation in self-care?
- A. Providing written instructions and expecting compliance
- B. Demonstrating medication administration techniques
- C. Encouraging the patient to ask questions and express concerns
- D. Directing the patient to follow the healthcare provider's instructions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because encouraging the patient to ask questions and express concerns promotes patient empowerment and active participation in self-care. This approach fosters communication, understanding, and collaboration between the nurse and patient, leading to better medication adherence. Choice A is incorrect as it lacks patient involvement. Choice B is helpful but does not necessarily empower the patient. Choice D is directive and does not encourage active participation or empowerment.
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Nurse Mauve is now on ethical dilemma. This occurs when _______.
- A. a decision had to be made quickly under stress full situation
- B. choices are unclear
- C. there is a conflict between the nurse 's decision and that of his/her superior
- D. there is a conflict of two or more ethical principles
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because an ethical dilemma arises when there is a conflict between two or more ethical principles, leading to a difficult decision-making situation for Nurse Mauve. This involves weighing the benefits and consequences of each ethical principle to determine the best course of action. Choice A is incorrect as time pressure does not define an ethical dilemma. Choice B is incorrect because ethical dilemmas involve conflicting choices, not unclear ones. Choice C is incorrect as the conflict in an ethical dilemma is not necessarily with a superior but can be internal or with other stakeholders.
Which of the following actions is recommended for managing a patient with a suspected snakebite?
- A. Applying a tourniquet proximal to the bite site.
- B. Immobilizing the affected limb at the level of the heart.
- C. Making an incision over the bite site to facilitate venom extraction.
- D. Transporting the patient to a medical facility for antivenom administration.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Transporting the patient to a medical facility for antivenom administration. This is recommended because antivenom is the definitive treatment for snakebites. Tourniquets (choice A) can worsen tissue damage and should be avoided. Elevating the limb (choice B) may not prevent venom spread. Making an incision (choice C) can lead to infection and increased venom absorption. Antivenom administration at a medical facility is crucial for proper management of snakebites.
A biphasic anti-ovulatory medication of combined progestin and estrogen is prescribed for a female patient. What should the nurse include when teaching about this oral contraceptive?
- A. Restrict sexual activity temporarily.
- B. Report any irregular vaginal bleeding.
- C. Increase the intake of calcium.
- D. Have bi-monthly Pap smears.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report any irregular vaginal bleeding. This is important because irregular vaginal bleeding can indicate potential issues such as breakthrough bleeding or hormonal imbalances, which may require adjustments to the contraceptive regimen. Other choices are incorrect because: A) Restricting sexual activity is not necessary with this medication, C) Increasing calcium intake is not directly related to taking biphasic anti-ovulatory medication, and D) Bi-monthly Pap smears are not specifically required due to this type of contraception.
A patient presents with watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea after consuming contaminated water from a stream during a camping trip. Laboratory tests reveal oocysts in the stool sample. Which of the following parasites is most likely responsible for this infection?
- A. Giardia lamblia
- B. Entamoeba histolytica
- C. Cryptosporidium parvum
- D. Cyclospora cayetanensis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cryptosporidium parvum. This parasite is the most likely cause of the infection due to its presentation with watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea after consuming contaminated water. Laboratory tests revealing oocysts in the stool sample further support this diagnosis as Cryptosporidium parvum is known to produce oocysts in the stool. Giardia lamblia (choice A) presents with similar symptoms but does not typically produce oocysts. Entamoeba histolytica (choice B) is more associated with bloody diarrhea and liver abscesses. Cyclospora cayetanensis (choice D) is also associated with watery diarrhea but is less common in this scenario. Thus, based on the symptoms and laboratory findings, Cryptosporidium parvum is the most likely culprit.
Lillian complains of unbearable pain. Which of the following characteristics axe EMPHASIZED in a culturally sensitive nursing Care? (Select all that apply) I The expression of pain is affected by learned behavior II. Physiologically, all individuals experience pain in a similar manner, III.. Some Asian people has high response to pain medications IV. Patients should be assessed for pain regardless of overt symptomatology.
- A. III and IV
- B. I and II I
- C. I and II
- D. II and III
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (C: I and II):
1. Choice I (The expression of pain is affected by learned behavior) is correct because cultural beliefs and upbringing influence how individuals express and perceive pain.
2. Choice II (Physiologically, all individuals experience pain in a similar manner) is correct because pain perception is largely influenced by biological factors that are universal.
3. Choice III (Some Asian people have a high response to pain medications) is incorrect as it focuses on a specific cultural group, which is not a general characteristic emphasized in culturally sensitive care.
4. Choice IV (Patients should be assessed for pain regardless of overt symptomatology) is incorrect as it is not specifically related to cultural sensitivity in pain management.